Novgorod Kremlin

The Novgorod Kremlin (Russian Новгородский кремль ) or Detinets ( Детинец ) is the left bank of the Volkhov located historic round castle in Veliky Novgorod. The first written mention of Novgorod fortress took place in 1044 ( the wall was first built from wood). Today the plant is a protected on the federal level architectural monument. As part of the historic city of Novgorod, it is now an object of world cultural heritage by UNESCO. The Novgorod Kremlin is not to be confused with the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin.

Architecture

The Kremlin stands on a hill, which rises about ten feet across the Volkhov. It has the shape of an elongated north-south direction and from the bank and slightly vaulted oval. The total length of its outer walls is 1487 meters, the length from north to south about 565 meters and the width from west to east about 220 meters. The total area of the Kremlin is 12.1 hectares.

Walls and towers

The walls were built of brick and limestone boulders. The thickness of the walls varies depending on the location from 3.6 to 6.5 meters. The amount varies 8-15 meters. A special feature of the Novgorod Kremlin is the construction of churches above the doorways. The main role was played by the archbishops of Novgorod, while the chosen princes had no relation to the construction of the Kremlin. In this day and age in the 1950s and 1960s, restored under the direction of A. Vorobyov walls have the appearance of the 15th century.

Not all of today's common names of the towers are historic. The towers Dvortsovaya, Knjaschaja, Kokuj and Mitropolitschja got their names until about the turn of the century to the 20th century. Each tower is divided into several floors, which were connected to each other by wooden stairs. Each tower had an exit to the battlements on the Kremlin wall, while the lower floors were used for the storage of ammunition. In addition, the towers were equipped with devices for the lifting of artillery and ammunition.

Got towers

  • Spasskaya Tower ( Savior Tower). Built around 1297th
  • Dvortsovaya Tower (Palace Tower )
  • Knjaschaja Tower ( principality )
  • Kokuj - the tallest tower in the Kremlin. Built under Peter the Great
  • Pokrowskaja Tower, 1305 ( Intercession tower). Built around 1305.
  • Slatoustowskaja Tower ( Tower Chrysostom )
  • Mitropolitschja Tower ( Metropolitan Tower )
  • Fjodorowskaja Tower ( Fyodor Tower )
  • Wladimirskaja Tower ( Vladimir - tower). Built around 1311.

Not received Towers

Some towers were destroyed. Instead of Pretschistenskaja and the Woskressenskaja tower large drive-in archways were built.

  • Pretschistenskaja Tower
  • Borisoglebsky Tower ( Boris and Gleb Tower )
  • Woskressenskaja Tower ( resurrection storm ). Built around 1296

Cathedrals

  • St. Sophia Cathedral

Other monuments

  • One thousand years Russia
  • Tajnitschnye - Watergate
  • Boyar Water Gate
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