Nur Muhammad Taraki

Nur Muhammad Taraki ( born July 15, 1917 in Mukur; † October 9, 1979 in Kabul ) was an Afghan journalist and politician. He was one of the founding members of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan and belonged after their split in 1967 at the Khalq branch of the party.

Life

Taraki was born the son of a farmer from the tribe of Ghilzai Tarakai in Kamkinawar. Kamkinawar is located on the eastern edge of the plateau Mukur. Taraki visited in Mukur school and worked part-time as a servant. At the age of 18 years Taraki went to India and worked in Mumbai today as secretary of the local representative of the Pathan Trading Company, which was founded in 1935 by merchants in Kandahar and was specialized in the trade with dried fruit. There Taraki attended a night school to learn Urdu and English.

1937 Taraki returned back to Afghanistan and worked for Abdul Majid Zabuli. In 1938, Taraki to study at the newly opened Kabul Faculty of Law and Political Sciences on. He remained enrolled until 1941, according to all probability. After completing his studies in economics with a diploma, Taraki worked at the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Later, he began working as an employee of Radio Kabul and the news agency Bakhtar and joined the Bureau of Press and Information Science. Towards the end of the 40s led Taraki, the news agency for a while.

At this time, Taraki was a supporter and proponent of the political and literary movement Awakened Youth, which however fell apart in 1950. Taraki wrote for Angar ( Embers ), one of the newspapers of the various currents into which had disintegrated the movement. After only ten months, however, came the end for them. In the spring of 1953 Taraki went as press attaché for half a year to the Embassy of Afghanistan in Washington DC With the appointment of Mohammed Daoud Khan, however, he resigned in November of the same year and told a press conference in New York that he would not return to Afghanistan because he was afraid of being shot because of his journalistic activity. He spent the next two years, possibly in the UK, where he still wanted to leave on the day of the press conference.

In 1956, Taraki returned to Kabul after Daud had taken a political course of rapprochement with the Soviet Union and a number of political prisoners have been released into the wild. In this climate, even as Taraki Afghan exiles could return to their homeland. Taraki was active in the following time as a translator for the U.S. Embassy, for U.S. AID and the UN Mission in Kabul. He continued to work as a literary translator and rendered works of classical Russian and Soviet literature in his native language. He has published numerous short stories. With his stories Taraki established a "new direction" of Pasthu literature, which, inter alia, dealt with social inequalities and injustice in Afghanistan.

1963 considered Taraki and Babrak Karmal, the founding of a party, and prepared this step in the next two years ago. On 1 January 1965, the founding congress of the People's Democratic Party ( Hizb -e -e Khalq demokratiq, People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan ) took place in Kabul district Karta -e Tschar. Taraki was appointed Secretary General of the party, knowing full well that the official approval for the party would be denied. But with elections in September / August of the year succeeded some party members to be elected to Parliament, although not as representatives of their party. However, the party organ Khalq (People ), whose editor was Taraki appeared, completely legal and the former editor in chief Mohammad Hasan Bareq was even later Culture and Information Minister of Afghanistan. The sheet was banned on 23 May 1966 after it had been critical to the concept of private property. By 1968, however, the party leaves Dschumbesch and Rahnama were published and then removed for a short time by another legal publication in the underground.

The Khalq under Taraki and Babrak under Part Cham: During the 1969 election campaign, two competing factions developed. The Part Cham Group support Muhammad Daud at the time of the proclamation of the Republic in 1973, whereas the Khalq Group in the background remained. Daud acquitted in 1977 of the left wing, after which both factions again annäherten each other and most likely made ​​in the planning of the fall of Daud regime soon.

When Mohammed Daoud Khan was deposed in the revolution of 7 Saur in 1357 in a coup on 27 April 1978 Taraki took over on 30 April 1978, the Office of the Chairman of the Revolutionary Council and Prime Minister. However, his colleagues in the revolution, Hafizullah Amin, forced him in September 1979 to resign from his position and took them ourselves In October of the same year reported the Kabul Times that Taraki had died from a disease, but it is believed that he at amine command was murdered.

Publications

  • The Lonely. 1962
  • Spin. 1959
  • Bangs travel. (Da Bang musafarat ). Kabul: Pashto Tolana. 1336 (1958)
  • The farmer's daughter. 1958
  • Win at home - profit in Lahore. 1956
  • My share. 1956
  • Samats parents in Kabul No. 414. 1956
  • Three meals. 1956
  • Desiccated beef. 1951
  • This is my merit. 1951

Sources and documents

Swell

  • Jäkel, Klaus. Nur Muhammad Tarakai. Afghanistan Journal Vol 5 (3). Graz: Academic Printing and Publishing Institute. 1978: 105-108.
  • Munzinger International Biographical Archive 49/1979 of November 26, 1979
People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan Ahmad Shah Durrani Zaman Shah Durrani Mahmud Shah Durrani Shah Shujah Durrani Ali Shah Durrani Ayub Shah Durrani Barakzai dynasty Mohammad Afzal Khan Abdur Rahman Khan Inayatullah Khan Mohammed Nadir Shah Democratic Republic of Afghanistan Abdul Rahim Hatef Islamic State of Afghanistan Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Mohammed Omar Integrated Authority File
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