Office of Management and Budget
The Office of Management and Budget ( OMB ) is a U.S. federal agency with cabinet rank and the greatest authority in the Executive Office of the President of the United States ( EOP).
Field of activity
The OMB reports to the White House over the activities of all federal agencies. In addition, the OMB shall advise the officers of the house in topics such as federal policy, administration, legislation and financial management. The majority of the 500 staff monitors compliance with and observance of their allocated federal programs in accordance with the policy of the President. In addition, the OMB has an important role as a coordinating authority: including in the annual collection and disclosure of Budgetermessung of the President, in sending circular letters to all federal agencies, where new methods for the management be prescribed in the supervision of the " Management Agenda " the President and the review of policies in the authorities.
Employee
The staff of the OMB are not only highly -serving government officials, but also appointed a part for political reasons. The staff of the OMB are an important part of continuity in the executive branch, particularly because most of the career officials retain their positions, regardless of the party at the time in the house has the final say.
Six positions in the OMB shall be appointed by the President and confirmed by the U.S. Senate:
- The Director
- The deputy director
- The Head of Management
- And the heads of departments Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Federal Procurement Policy, and Office of Federal Financial Management
Following the resignation of Jacob Lew in January 2012, the Deputy Jeffrey Zients led on an interim basis, the Authority before Sylvia Mathews Burwell in April 2013 took office.
Structure of the Authority
Most of the OMB are the four divisions of resource management that reflect the U.S. federal government. It is estimated that half of the employees working in these departments, the majority of them in turn works program auditors. This program auditors monitor usually one or more federal agencies, or they control a specific topic, such as everything related to the warships of the U.S. Navy.
These employees of the OMB have a dual responsibility, on the one hand for all topics related to the management and budget, and on the other hand they are delivered based recommendations on the programs. Each year, reviewed by the OMB budget requirements of the federal authorities, and it is in this way, helped in deciding which of these requests are sent as part of the President's budget to Congress.
Be applied in this case detailed program evaluations which used "Program Assessment Rating Tool", proposed by the authorities rules are evaluated, a testimony to the Authority is used, pending legislation is considered, and the requests are the objectives of the management agenda of the President compared. In addition, the OMB provides to each cabinet member special analyzes.
The employees of the subordinate authorities Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Federal Procurement Policy, Office of Federal Financial Management and Office of E -Government received from OMB statistics, analysis and data. Furthermore, there are various support offices such as the Office of General Counsel, the Office of Legislative Affairs, the Budget Review Division (BRD ) and the Legislative Reference Division.
The FRG is largely responsible for the nationwide coordination as well as for the technical side of the budget projections that are published every February, responsible. Regarding the estimates of expenditure for the executive branch, has the FRG thus the same purpose as the Congressional Budget Office for the output estimate of the Congress, the Department of the Treasury on the estimate of the revenue of the executive, and the Joint Committee Taxation for the estimation of the revenue of Congress.
The Legislative Reference Division assumes the important role of the central clearinghouse for proposed legislation throughout the Federal government. It spreads the requested legislative initiatives to the appropriate federal auditors and summarizes their comments together. It also falls within the jurisdiction of that authority to write to the President an Enrolled Bill Memorandum, once of two chambers, a bill is sent for signature to the President.
The Enrolled Bill Memorandum represents the details of this design, the opinions of various affected by the bill federal ministries, and a conclusion as to whether a signature or a veto on the draft together. In addition, this Department published the Statement of Administration Policy, which summarize the official views of the White House for the congressman.
History
The " Bureau of the Budget ", the predecessor of that authority, was created as part of the Treasury in 1921 as part of the Budget and Accounting Act. In 1939 it was assigned to the Executive; 1970, it was reorganized as Office of Management and Budget. The first consisted of OMB Director Roy Ash, his deputy Paul O'Neill, the department head Fred Malek, the second department head Frank Zarb and about two dozen other people. In 1990, the OMB has been remodeled to abolish the differences between the staff of the administration and those of the household. These roles have now been combined in the Resource Management Office by the program auditors.