Ogasawara, Tokyo

Ogasawara (Japanese小 笠原 村, -mura ) is a village community in the sub-prefecture Ogasawara, Tokyo Prefecture.

Geography

The municipality covers all Ogasawara Islands, the most remote island of Minami- Torishima, the easternmost point and Okinotorishima forms the southernmost point in Japan.

The only inhabited islands, Chichi -jima and Haha -jima, are 50 km apart. The Town Hall is located on Chichi -jima, located 1000 km from Chiyoda, Tokyo. A special feature is that the church not be a county ( gun ) is one, but is directly subordinate to a sub-prefecture of the same name.

On Chichi -jima reigned 2001 annual average temperature of 23.3 ° C and 33.6 ° C as the maximum and 10.9 ° C as a minimum. The rainfall is about 1600 mm per year.

On Haha -jima there are rather moist soil, so that the trees can reach heights of 15 m and growth in the central Sekimon area (石门) is a jungle. To protect the ecosystem here is a nature reserve was established in 1994. On the Hahajima - island chain in turn rather dry soils are dry bushes, reaching only 8 m plant height. Due to the remote location there on the islands many endemic animal and plant species. The plants make these about 50%. Only on Haha -jima is eg the Hahajima Meguro ( Apalopteron familiare hahasima ) of an extraordinary natural monument (特别 天然 记念 物, tokubetsu antennas kinenbutsu ) was appointed. In Minami- Iwo Jima are actually all kinds a natural monument and the whole island is one of only five " areas intended to preserve the pristine, natural environment " (原 生 自然环境 保全 地域, gensei shizen Kankyo Hozen chiiki ).

History

1593 reported Ogasawara Sadayori, lord of the castle Fukashi, from the discovery of the islands. The first settlement was in 1830 by five white and twenty Hawaiian emigrants on Chichi -jima instead. 1876 ​​the Meiji government sent an expedition to the islands and claimed them for themselves. 1880, the archipelago was (小 笠原 出 张, Ogasawara shutchōjo所) in an administrative sense of the newly established branch of the Ogasawara Tokyo Prefecture. 1882 all foreigners were naturalized. In 1886 the branch by the island authorities Ogasawara (小 笠原 岛 庁, Ogasawara Tocho ) and this replaced in 1926 by the sub-prefecture of Ogasawara. From July 30 to August 1, 1927 Emperor Hirohito visited the islands.

In 1940, the villages Omura (大村) Ōgimura - Fukurosawa (扇 村 袋 沢 村, -mura ) on Chichi -jima, Okimura (冲村) and Kitamura (北 村) on Haha -jima and iota (硫黄岛 村, -mura ) on Iwo Jima ( iota ) organized as independent communities.

In 1944, due to the worsening war situation except the 825 civilian employees evacuated all 6,886 inhabitants on the main islands. The islands were occupied by the United States. 1946 permitted with European or American background to return 129 former residents.

On 26 June 1968, the islands were again returned to Japan and administratively a single village Ogasawara assigned within the re- established sub-prefecture. This could again return the Japanese- residents. The exception is the Iwo Jima is managed to this day (2009) of the Marine Self-Defense Forces and its entry is permitted for civilians essentially only for grave visits.

On October 16, 1972, the Ogasawara National Park was established on the archipelago. From 2 to February 14, 1994 Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko endowed the islands a visit.

Attractions

Tourist island group is frequented because of its pristine nature and biodiversity.

Traffic

On Chichi -jima is the prefectural road 240 and Haha -jima the prefectural road 241

Chichi -jima is the harbor by boat from Tokyo Ogasawara -maru (おがさわら 丸) achievable with a period of 25 ½ hours. Here, the Futami Port (二 见 港, Futami -kō ) is underway. From this, in turn, the Hahajima -maru (ははじま 丸) runs on Haha -jima with a two-hour duration.

An airport was until 1998 on Ani -jima, the uninhabited neighboring island of Chichi -jima, planned but abandoned for environmental reasons. Then proposed for Chichi -jima itself, but after that turn abandoned for the same reasons.

Economy

From the Taishō to the early Shōwa period fruit trees and winter vegetables were grown due to the subtropical climate. Were fished mainly skipjack and tuna, but was operated whaling and coral degradation.

Today, the inhabitants of the island live mainly from tourism. A specialty of the island is the 40% rum want to Nathaniel Savory from Massachusetts, one of the white colonizer, go back.

Education

The municipality operates on Chichi -jima Ogasawara elementary school and middle school Ogasawara, as well as on Haha -jima Haha -jima elementary school and middle school Haha -jima. Add to that the run by the prefecture on Chichi -jima Ogasawara High School.

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