Old World silverside

Atherina hepsetus

The Old World silversides ( Atherinidae ) are small, usually silvery bonefish that are three to twenty inches long. They live in fresh water and sea coasts of the western Indo-Pacific, the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. With the exception of three species that live on the coasts of the western Atlantic from Florida to the coast of Brazil and in Cuba, all smelt inhabitants of the Old World. Old World silversides eat zooplankton.

Features

Old World silversides have two -spaced dorsal fins, the first with two to five hard jets, the second, just as the anal fin, with a hard jet, followed by soft rays. The pectoral fins sit high on the fuselage. The top of the head is flattened, the eyes are large, oblique mouth small. A silvery band along the sides featuring the family, a lateral line is missing. The body is often translucent, the scales fall off easily. In English, they have the name " Old World Silversides ".

Inside systematics

There are four subfamilies, thirteen valid genera and about 60 species. The Atherinomorinae are the sister group of a clade from others. About a hundred species that were formerly assigned to the family, are now placed in the newly created family of New World silversides ( Atherinopsidae ).

  • Silversides ( Atherinidae ) Subfamily Atherinomorinae genus Alepidomus Alepidomus ever manni Eigenmann, 1903
  • Atherion africanum Smith, 1965
  • Atherion Elymus Jordan & Starks, 1901
  • Atherion maccullochi Jordan & Hubbs, 1919
  • Atherinomorus aetholepis Kimura, Iwatsuki & Yoshino, 2002
  • Atherinomorus balabacensis Seale, 1910
  • Atherinomorus capricornensis Woodland, 1961
  • Atherinomorus duodecimalis Valenciennes, 1835
  • Quoy & Gaimard Atherinomorus endrachtensis, 1825
  • Atherinomorus insularum Jordan & Evermann, 1903
  • Atherinomorus lineatus Günther, 1872
  • Atherinomorus regina Seale, 1910
  • Atherinomorus stipes Müller & Troschel, 1848
  • Quoy & Gaimard Atherinomorus vaigiensis, 1825
  • " Atherina " valenciennei Bleeker, 1853
  • " Atherina " woodwardi Jordan & Starks, 1901
  • Hypoatherina barnesi Schultz, 1953
  • Hypoatherina gobio ( Klunzinger, 1884)
  • Hypoatherina golanii Sasaki & Kimura, 2012
  • Hypoatherina klunzingeri (Smith, 1965)
  • Hypoatherina lunate Sasaki & Kimura, 2012
  • Hypoatherina panatela ( Jordan & Richardson, 1908)
  • Hypoatherina temminckii Bleeker, 1853
  • Hypoatherina tropicalis Whitley, 1948
  • Hypoatherina tsurugae Jordan & Starks, 1901
  • Hypoatherina uisila ( Jordan & Seale, 1906)
  • " Hypoatherina " celebesensis Sasaki & Kimura, 2012
  • Teramulus kieneri Smith, 1965
  • Teramulus waterloti Pellegrin, 1932
  • Genus hard head ( Craterocephalus ) Craterocephalus amniculus Crowley & Ivantsoff, 1990
  • Craterocephalus Capreoli Rendahl, 1922
  • Craterocephalus centralis Crowley & Ivantsoff, 1990
  • Craterocephalus cuneiceps Whitley, 1944
  • Craterocephalus dalhousiensis Ivantsoff & Glover, 1974
  • Craterocephalus eyresii Steindachner, 1883
  • Craterocephalus fistularis Crowley, Ivantsoff & Allen, 1995
  • Craterocephalus fluviatilis McCulloch, 1912
  • Craterocephalus gloveri Crowley & Ivantsoff, 1990
  • Craterocephalus helenae Ivantsoff, Crowley & Allen, 1987
  • Craterocephalus honoriae Ogilby, 1912
  • Craterocephalus kailolae Ivantsoff, Crowley & Allen, 1987
  • Craterocephalus lacustris Trewavas, 1940
  • Craterocephalus laisapi Larson, Ivantsoff & Crowley, 2005
  • Craterocephalus lentiginosus Ivantsoff, Crowley & Allen, 1987
  • Craterocephalus marianae Ivantsoff, Crowley & Allen, 1987
  • Craterocephalus marjoriae Whitley, 1948
  • Craterocephalus mugiloides McCulloch, 1912
  • Craterocephalus munroi Crowley & Ivantsoff, 1988
  • Craterocephalus nouhuysi Weber, 1910
  • Craterocephalus pauciradiatus ( Günther, 1861)
  • Craterocephalus pimatuae Crowley, Ivantsoff & Allen, 1991
  • Craterocephalus randi Nichols & Raven, 1934
  • Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum Günther, 1867
  • Craterocephalus stramineus Whitley, 1950
  • Sashatherina giganteus Ivantsoff & Allen, 2011
  • Genus Atherina Linnaeus, 1758 Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810
  • Atherina breviceps Valenciennes, 1835
  • Atherina hepsetus Linnaeus, 1758
  • Atherina lopeziana Rossignol & Blache, 1961
  • Atherina presbyter Cuvier, 1829
  • Atherinason hepsetoides Richardson, 1843
  • Atherinosoma elongata Klunzinger, 1879
  • Atherinosoma microstoma Gunther, 1861
  • Kestratherina brevirostris Pavlov, Ivantsoff, Last & Crowley, 1988
  • Kestratherina esox Klunzinger, 1872
  • Leptatherina presbyteroides Richardson, 1843
  • Leptatherina wallacei Prince, Ivantsoff & Potter, 1982
  • Genus Bleheratherina Bleheratherina pierucciae Aarn & Ivantsoff, 2009
Mediterranean sand smelt Fish fin Big-scale sand smelt Joseph S. Nelson FishBase
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