Oliver Evans
Oliver Evans ( * September 13, 1755 in Newport, Delaware, † April 15, 1819 in Pittsburgh) was an American inventor and entrepreneur.
He designed various machines such as the first automatic flour mill, a conveyor system, the " Hopper Boy", a machine that served the meal cooling and is today used in a similar construction in coffee roasters and two steam-powered excavator whose second, the harbor dredging Orukter Amphibolos, both the first vehicle in the U.S., which was able to move under its own power as well as the first amphibious vehicle. Also of importance are his improvements on the high pressure steam engine and its description of a functioning refrigerator with steam.
With his wife, Kathy, he had two sons, John and Theophilus Oliver. [Note 1]
Evans came from a family of farmers. He learned the trade of a wheelwright and began from the end of 1772 to deal with the Newcomen steam engine, which he wanted so much to improve that they could be installed in a vehicle. From 1778, he served as a soldier in the Revolutionary War ( 1775-1783 ). Then he opened a shop in Tuckahoe Creek ( Maryland). He dealt with steam-powered machines and with an automatic flour mill and over again with a vehicle that could move itself. But he improved the high-pressure steam engine, he faced many obstacles and enemies as the inventor of the low-pressure steam engine, James Watt (1736-1819) or the architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe, prevailed. Orukter Amphibolos was completed in late 1804 and presented in the second week of July 1805 to the public.
A major setback was the non- renewal of his milling patents in 1808, by which was taken from him livelihoods. He made ready his second book, which was aimed at designers of steam engines. Established in 1808, the U.S. Congress his rights again with validity until 1830.
He spent his final years with the construction of the Mars Iron Works and the Fairmount Engine Works. Gradually, could sell his steam engines.
1816 his wife died. In 1818 he married Hetty Ward from the Bowery in New York. There he fell ill in 1819 of pneumonia. Unlike Meyer's encyclopedia shown, he died there of a heart attack after he had reached the news that the Mars Iron Works were burned down. The fire had been started deliberately by an apprentice of the operation, apparently without a deeper reason. Evans ' all plans and drawings, and so his life's work went up in flames.
Works
- The Young Mill - wright 's and Miller 's Guide ( Manual Müller)
- Guide for the mechanical engineers, etc.
- Patent Right Oppression Exposed; or knavery Detected, a satire in verse on his experience with the patent law; published under a pseudonym
Comments
Swell
- D. Ogden, G. Bost: Ganzel & Wulff - The Quest for American Milling Secrets. TIMS librarians Molino Logica Volume 20-2010 ISBN 978-92-9134-025-5.
- Beverly Rae Kimes: Pioneers, Engineers, and Scoundrels: The Dawn of the Automobile in America. Published by SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers ) Permissions, Warrendale, PA 2005, ISBN 0-7680 1431 - X. (Hardcover, English)