Oncotype DX
The Oncotype DX breast cancer test ( developer / manufacturer Genomic Health, Inc. ) is a gene expression test for patients who are suffering from early and hormone receptor-positive invasive breast cancer. He examined the activity of 21 genes in tissue samples of a breast cancer tumor. It is converted into a numerical value between 0 and 100 ( Recurrence Score ). This is a measure of the probability that the breast cancer will occur in the individual patient again. The results from the Oncotype DX test also allow a statement about how much a patient will benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. The Oncotype DX is exclusively carried out in the manufacturer's laboratory and requires a shipping a tumor sample in the United States.
In addition to the Oncotype DX breast cancer test, Genomic Health provides the Oncotype DX colon cancer test, the first multigene expression test for assessing the risk of recurrence in patients with disease in stage II or III.
Oncotype DX
Oncotype DX breast cancer test
The Oncotype DX breast cancer test is a diagnostic test that examines 21 genes in the tumor sample from a patient. Based on the expression pattern of the genes, the individual risk of recurrence can be determined in women with early breast cancer. The Oncotype DX breast cancer test also provides information about the chances of success in addition to anti-hormone therapy administered so-called adjuvant chemotherapy.
The Oncotype DX test has been extensively evaluated worldwide in 13 clinical trials involving more than 4,000 breast cancer patients, including a large validation study published in The New England Journal of Medicine, and published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology Chemotherapy Benefit Study.
The Oncotype DX is one of the oldest in the gene expression tests currently offered commercially. Thus, this test was applied in clinical routine so far more often than he sometimes considerably newer competitors (see gene expression tests). Unlike the gene expression tests of the second generation of the Oncotype not included in his characterization of breast cancer, the tumor may possibly have late metastases result: In the multivariate analysis of the Oncotype DX was only within the first five years after primary therapy significantly prognostic for recurrence of tumors. In practice, this is reflected by the fact that early metastases in patients actually low by Oncotype DX risk of tumors are very rare; late metastases, however, occur much more frequently. It is now certain that late metastases can be effectively reduced by the prolonged use of hormone therapy, so that their possible occurrence in treatment planning should be considered where possible.
The Oncotype DX breast cancer test is carried out with tissue removed during breast cancer surgery or biopsy. As with other laboratory tests, the test can only be ordered by the attending gynecologist or oncologist. The attending physician and the pathologist who has sent the sample to get the results of the Oncotype DX tests usually within 10 to 14 calendar days.
Oncotype DX colon cancer test
The Oncotype DX colon cancer test is a diagnostic method that - similar to the Oncotype DX breast cancer test - analyzing the activity of tumor-specific genes in the tumor tissue itself. The test is the first multigene expression test to determine the risk of recurrence in colorectal cancer patients with stage II and III.
Guidelines
The Oncotype DX test is the only test that both the treatment guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO ) and the American Cancer Network ( NCCN ) for breast cancer treatment of patients without lymph node involvement with estrogen receptor -positive and / or progesterone receptor -positive invasive disease was recorded. Furthermore, the test is recognized by the international guidelines of the expert panel of the International St. Gallen Consensus Conference and the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO ).
Personalized Medicine
Genetic and genomic - two words with the same stem, but mean different things. In general terms we mean by genetics a science that deals with the inheritance of characteristics and features - employs an individual to his offspring - so ultimately of genes. In contrast, genomics refers to the study of the activity and the interaction of several genes of a single individual. A genomic test can accurately disclose this activity and this interaction of genes in the tumor, thus allowing a look at the individual tumor biology of a patient or a patient.
White, the attending physician, which genes are switched off presence or in a tumor which genes are active or not active enough, he can use this information to determine the risk of relapse in this patient. The intensity of the surgery following treatment can be determined according to this risk of recurrence.
Oncotype DX is such a diagnostic test for patients who are diagnosed with early breast cancer and hormone receptor-positive, and thus helps to distinguish patients who may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy from those to whom they have many side effects therapy can be spared.