Onobrychis

Seeds sainfoin ( Onobrychis viciifolia )

The sainfoin ( Onobrychis ) are a genus of flowering plants in the subfamily of the Fabaceae ( Faboideae ) within the legume family ( Fabaceae ), so relatives of the pea.

The about 130 species are native to Europe, North Africa, Central Asia and Asia Minor. Some species are used as forage for livestock.

The word comes from Esparsetten Esparcette ( French word derived from provenzal esparceto, more uncertain origin ). Esparcet (te) means sweet clover. Esparsetten are also healthy hay ( as in French sainfoin ) called.

Esparsetten were important and highly nutritious forage for hard-working horses in European agriculture. Since the replacement of such horses by tractors they are barely grown.

The Esparsetten are among the food plants of the caterpillars of the Esparsetten - Widderchens ( Zygaena carniolica ). The sainfoin plant serves as a pointer for an alkaline soil reaction.

3.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaves

Onobrychis species grow as annuals rarely, usually herbaceous plants, rarely subshrubs.

The alternate arranged leaves consist of petiole and leaf blade. The leaf blade is pinnate. The leaflets are available on the rachis towards opposite sides. The edges of the leaflets are smooth. The basis of the two trockenhäutigen stipules is mostly with each other and grow together with the petiole; Stipules of leaflets are not available.

Inflorescences and flowers

The pendant standing on a long inflorescence stem, racemose inflorescences contain many flowers. The hub and shroud leaves are small.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and fünfzählig double perianth ( perianth ). The five sepals are fused bell-shaped. The five petals are together with the typical structure of the Fabaceae. The flag is narrow nailed to short. The colors of the petals range from purple to pink - purple and pale yellow, often with darker nerves. The wings are sometimes greatly reduced. The shuttle has a more or less truncated leading edge. The stamens of the nine or all ten stamens are fused with each other. The anthers are all the same. The sedentary, only upper permanent carpel containing one or two ovules. The thin style ends in a capitate stigma.

Fruit and seeds

The flattened, almost spherical legumes usually consist of a fruit chamber. The fruits remain at full maturity closed and contain one or two seeds. The bald or hairy surface of the fruit has raised significant nerve and is usually thorny. The more or less kidney-shaped seeds have a small hilum.

System

The genus Onobrychis was established in 1754 by Philip Miller in The Gardeners Dictionary ... Abridged ..... 4th Edition, Volume 2. Synonyms for Onobrychis Mill are Dendrobrychis Galushko and Xanthobrychis Galushko. The genus Onobrychis belongs to the tribe Hedysareae in the subfamily Faboideae within the Fabaceae.

The genus contains about 130 species Onobrychis:

Onobrychis acaulis Bornm.
Pip sainfoin ( Onobrychis aequidentata ( Sm ) d' Urv. )
Onobrychis afghanica Sirj. & Ind. f
Onobrychis alatavica Bajtenov
Onobrychis alba ( Waldst. & Kit. ) Desv.
Onobrychis aliacmonia Rech f
Onobrychis altissima Grossh.
Onobrychis alyassinicus Parsa
Onobrychis amoena Popov & Vved.
Onobrychis andalanica Bornm.
Onobrychis angustifolia Chinth.
Sand sainfoin ( Onobrychis arenaria ( Kit. ) DC. )
Onobrychis argyrea Boiss.
Onobrychis arnacantha Boiss.
Onobrychis atropatana Boiss.
Onobrychis aucheri Boiss.
Onobrychis baldshuanica Sirj.
Onobrychis bertiscea Sirj. & Ind. f
Onobrychis bicornis Vassilcz.
Onobrychis biebersteinii Sirj.
Onobrychis bobrovii Grossh.
Onobrychis buhseana Boiss.
Onobrychis bungei Boiss.
Onobrychis cadevallii Jahand. & Al.
Hahnenkamm sainfoin ( Onobrychis caput- galli (L.) Lam. )
Onobrychis chorassanica Boiss.
Onobrychis conferta ( Desf. ) Desv.
Onobrychis cornuta (L.) Desv.
Onobrychis crista -galli (L.) Lam.
Onobrychis Cyri Grossh.
Onobrychis daghestanica Grossh.
Onobrychis darwasica Vassilcz.
Onobrychis dealbata Stocks
Onobrychis degenii Dorfl.
Onobrychis depauperata Boiss.
Onobrychis dielsii ( Sirj. ) Vassilcz.
Onobrychis ebenoides Boiss. & Spruner
Onobrychis echidna Lipsky
Onobrychis elymaitiaca Boiss. & Hausskn.
Onobrychis eubrychidea Boiss.
Onobrychis fallax Freyn & Sint.
Onobrychis ferganica ( Sirj. ) Grossh.
Onobrychis freitagii Rech f
Onobrychis galegifolia Boiss.
Onobrychis gaubae Bornm.
Onobrychis gontscharovii Vassilcz.
Onobrychis gracilis Better
Onobrychis grandis Lipsky
Onobrychis grossheimii B.Fedtsch.
Onobrychis gypsicola Rech f
Onobrychis hajastana Grossh.
Onobrychis hamata Vassilcz.
Onobrychis haussknechtii Boiss.
Onobrychis heliocarpa Boiss.
Onobrychis heterophylla C.A.Mey.
Onobrychis hohenackerana C.A.Mey.
Onobrychis humilis ( Loefl. ) G.Lopez
Onobrychis hypargyrea Boiss.
Onobrychis iberica Grossh.
Onobrychis inermis Steven
Onobrychis Iranica Bornm.
Onobrychis iranshahrii Rech f
Onobrychis jailae Czernova
Onobrychis kabylica ( Bornm. ) Sirj.
Onobrychis kachetica Boiss. & Buhse
Onobrychis kemulariae Chinth.
Onobrychis kermanensis ( Sirj. & Rech f ) f Rech
Onobrychis kluchorica Chinth.
Onobrychis komarovii Grossh.
Onobrychis kotschyana Fenzl
Onobrychis lahidjanicus Parsa
Onobrychis laxiflora Baker
Onobrychis longipes Bunge
Onobrychis lunate Boiss.
Onobrychis luristanica Rech f
Onobrychis macrorrhiza Rech f
Onobrychis major ( Boiss. ) Hand. - Mazz.
Onobrychis majorovii Grossh.
Onobrychis mazanderanica Rech f
Onobrychis megalobotrys Aitch. & Hemsl.
Onobrychis Megaloptera Kovalevsk.
Onobrychis megataphros Boiss.
Onobrychis melanotricha Boiss.
Onobrychis mermuelleri Podlech & Rech f
Onobrychis meschetica Grossh.
Onobrychis michauxii DC.
Onobrychis micrantha Schrenk
Onobrychis microptera Baker
Mountain sainfoin ( Onobrychis montana DC. )
Onobrychis nemecii Sirj.
Onobrychis nikitinii Orazm.
Onobrychis novopokrovskii Vassilcz.
Onobrychis nummularia Boiss.
Onobrychis oxyodonta Boiss.
Onobrychis oxyptera Boiss.
Onobrychis oxytropoides Bunge
Onobrychis pallasii ( Willd.) M.Bieb.
Onobrychis pallida Boiss. & Kotschy
Onobrychis paucidentata Pomel
Onobrychis persica Sirj. & Ind. f
Onobrychis petraea ( Willd.) fish.
Onobrychis pindicola Hausskn.
Onobrychis plantago Bornm.
Onobrychis poikilantha Rech f
Onobrychis psoraleifolia Boiss.
Onobrychis ptolemaica ( Delile ) DC.
Onobrychis ptychophylla Sirj. & Ind. f
Onobrychis pulchella Schrenk
Onobrychis pyrenaica ( Sennen ) Sirj.
Onobrychis radiata ( Desf. ) M.Bieb.
Onobrychis rechingerorum Wendelbo
Onobrychis reuteri Laresche
Onobrychis ruprechtii Grossh.
Onobrychis samanganica Rech f
Onobrychis saravschanica B.Fedtsch.
Onobrychis sauzakensis Sirj. & Ind. f
Onobrychis saxatilis (L.) Lam.
Onobrychis schahuensis Bornm.
Onobrychis schuschajensis O.D.Agajeva
Onobrychis scrobiculata Boiss.
Onobrychis sennenii Sirj.
Onobrychis shahpurensis Rech f
Onobrychis sintenisii Bornm.
Onobrychis sirdjanicus Parsa
Onobrychis sojakii Rech f
Onobrychis sphaciotica Greuter
Onobrychis spinosissima Baker
Onobrychis splendida Rech f & Podlech
Onobrychis stenorhiza DC.
Onobrychis stewartii Baker
Onobrychis subacaulis Boiss.
Onobrychis subnitens Bornm.
Onobrychis supina ( Vill. ) DC.
Onobrychis Susiana Nabelek
Onobrychis szovitsii Boiss.
Onobrychis talagonica Rech f
Onobrychis tavernieraefolia Boiss.
Onobrychis tesquicola Krytzka
Onobrychis tournefortii ( Willd.) Desv.
Onobrychis transcaspica V.V.Nikitin
Onobrychis transcaucasica Grossh.
Onobrychis vaginalis C.A.Mey.
Onobrychis vassilczenkoi Grossh.
Onobrychis verae Sirj.
Sainfoin seed or forage sainfoin ( Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. )
Onobrychis wettsteinii Nabelek

Swell

Langran Xu & Byoung -Hee Choi: Onobrychis, pp. 525-526 - Online: In: Flora of China, Volume 10, 2010 (Section Description, distribution and systematics).
Robert Hegnauer: chemotaxonomy of plants, Volume XIB -2, Springer, 2001 ISBN 3-7643-5862-9 ( Onobrychis: page 241-244 ). Google -books online.
S. Ahangarian, p Kazempour Osaloo & AA Maassoumi: Molecular phylogeny of the tribe Hedysareae with special reference to Onobrychis ( Fabaceae ) as inferred from nrDNA ITS sequences, In: Iranian Journal of Botany, 13, 2007, pp. 64-74.
SI Ali: Papilionaceae: Onobrychis in the Flora of Pakistan.
Ingrid Schoenfelder, Peter Schoenfelder: Cosmos Atlas Mediterranean and Canary Islands flora. Franckh - Kosmos Verlag Stuttgart 1994. ISBN 3-440-06223-6

Rosids Agricultural Research Service

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