Orange wine
With an orange wine is a white wine that is made like a red wine. The white wine grapes are fermented with the skins ( mash) and thereby extract more tannins and dyes from the skins. Orange wine is characterized by a dark yellow to orange in color. An example of a traditional maischevergorenen white wine is the Quevriwein from Georgia. Following an international trend Orange Wine is produced in diverse different ways; with the common feature of maceration.
The wines are very different in appearance, smell and taste and can be very used to. Orange Wine is often set in conceptual proximity to the natural wine (natural wines ). Both types of wine are independent but compatible. It is a very small niche market served ( 2014).
History
From the same type of wine orange wines the wines that are produced in Quevris after kakhetian style, ie by maceration. Historically, the production of wine in large, buried in the earth pottery is probably the oldest form of winemaking. This expansion by maceration in Quevris is traceable to antiquity in Georgia and around 4,500 to 5,000 years old. Amphorae were the then customary storage and transport containers for liquids. Quevris made specifically specifically for wine production and storage. They were buried in static climatic reasons and in the floor.
This type of wine has to be held today in Georgia and also prevalent since the late 20th century again internationally, including Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Germany, Austria and France. In this case, both the Amporen and the maceration ( Orange Wine ), as independent, stand-alone methods to low quantitative level both charakterischtischen characteristics established.
Production
The wine is made by maceration ( time from several weeks to months) in Quevri, barrels or tanks. The long contact with the skins, the wine extracted tannins and dyes, hence the dark yellow to orange color and the name. The wines produced in this way are oxidatively and have a strong and complex texture, often turbid and are very used to. You have far more tannins than ordinary white wines. The required and recognizable quality wines varietal character of the grape varieties, lost completely in this wine. After the maceration is pressed after weeks or months. The extremely long maceration shapes the character of the wine stronger than the storage container.
Outside of Georgia finds this method for several years use. The process is both traditionally used and combined with modern winemaking methods.
Demarcation
Since there are no legal regulations and maischevergorene whites do not belong to the tradition of most wine -growing areas, the term is sometimes confused both in marketing and in the criticism with other trends. The Georgian Quevri is both Orange Wine and Amphorenwein - there are both Orange Wines without amphora, as well Amphorenweine that are not orange. The term Orange Wine is less well established than Amphorenwein. The term Orange wine is often used as a generic term for these wines.
Both production methods are also, however, neither necessarily nor exclusively, used by growers who follow a so-called natural wine philosophy. Therefore, other viticultural methods that are attributable to the spectrum of natural wine, the Orange Wine attributed occasionally. Examples are the absence of sulfur, use of wooden barrels or just amphorae, spontaneous fermentation (waiver of yeasts ), no temperature control of fermentation or oxidative removal. However, these are neither necessary nor sole properties of an Orange Wine, but are other methods besides the mash fermentation of white wine.
This method of winemaking favored the emergence of wine faults, but maceration time alone is just as critical as in red wine with most varieties in the white wine. A ungeschwefelt upset and oxidized white wine may resemble that of the color of her an Orange Wine, however, is simply an upset and oxidized wine. Wine faults are frequently encountered (in terms of quality wine evaluation ). Just a small portion of the wine producers, for chemistry and microbiology are hardly of interest, possibly with a questionable cellar hygiene, damage the reputation of the market segment. There are just authentic wines and insist on local tradition. Businesses market themselves in a way that they are very innovative, individually and experimentally. Expand with these very different wines, the diversity of the wine world. You want to explore a holistic understanding of nature, which leads to a new lifestyle and wine style and to lead. You want to create distinctive unique wines.
Similarity only after the name is the following beverages:
- Fruit wine, which is made from oranges, is also known as Orange Wine (english orange wine). Such wines are produced in the orange - growing areas.
- In Spain, sweet white wines are stored with orange peel 12 months in wooden barrels. The so- flavored sweet wine has a dark orange color and a complex, sweet and tender, marked by orange flavor.
- From the origin forth, there are also wines that have nothing to do with the concept Oranger wine. Wines from the wine region of Châteauneuf -du- Pape ( wine region ) in which the town is Orange, come with geographic location of the city of Orange on the market.
Legal regulation
The names orange wine, natural wine, Natural Wine, (Natural wines ), Amphorenwein or Quevriwein is not protected and clearly defined terms. Provide the basis of the production producer provisions of Organic viticulture specifically biodynamic viticulture. There are in the countries certification bodies The wine can be described as organic or organic wine and marketed. According to the currently valid statutory schemes, in the EU, these wines can not be brought as a quality wine on the market, but only as wine.
Open Questions
Extent to which such wines are still terroir wines? Should they be judged by the same criteria as wines by the existing legal regulations? Are these wines more representative year of Representatives? Are these distinct types of wines to consumers employable?
Currently, a very small niche market is served. The future will show how evolved this way.