Oranienburger Vorstadt

The Oranienburger suburb is a historic district of Berlin, who has risen in today's districts Mitte and healthy well of the district center. The area got its name from the Berlin Oranienburger Tor customs and excise wall, in front of which lay this area. Today, usually the middle part belonging to the hamlet is only called Oranienburger suburb.

Location

The Oranienburger suburb had until 1920 the following limits:

  • In the south of the former course of the excise wall along the Hanover Road and Torstraße
  • In the east the fountain street
  • To the west of Berlin- Spandau Ship Canal
  • In the north, Panke, court road, the border road and the high road

History

Germ cell Oranienburger suburb was the settlement Neu -Voigt country, which had been created in the mid-18th century outside the excise wall in the area between the hamburger and the Rosenthaler Gate. She served the settlement of builders and artisans mainly from the Saxon Vogtland. The entire area between the northwestern Akzisemauer and the Wedding was called since 1824 Oranienburger suburb and incorporated in 1831 to Berlin.

The Oranienburger suburb developed in the 19th century into a major industrial site at which iron foundries and engineering companies settled in a confined space, such as 1804, the Royal iron foundry in the disability Street, from 1825 to 1826, the New Berlin Iron Foundry and 1837 Maschinenfabrik Borsig at the Chausseestraße. This settlement came from the now -forgotten name " Tierra del Fuego ". Due to the limited expansion possibilities relocated at the end of the 19th century, most of these companies have their plants; as was, for example, the company Borsig on its investments in the highway road and moved to Tegel. In the northeast of Oranienburger suburb extensive, partly still well preserved factory building of AEG and the Humboldt Hain, one of the first major Berlin public park created. The area around the disability road was from Stettin Station, one of the great Berlin terminal stations, dominated. In many parts of the typical Berlin Oranienburger suburb Mietskasernenbebauung emerged, often mixed with commercial or industrial use of buildings. A well-known symbol for the poor housing conditions in the Berlin workers' quarters of the imperial period was Meyer's Farm in Ackerstraße.

Chansonetteneck: Corner of Frederick and Chausseestraße. The variety and entertainment district on Oranienburger Tor in imperial times.

The population of the Oranienburger suburbs rose from 56 702 in 1867 to 126 250 in the year 1910.

In the formation of Greater Berlin in 1920 Oranienburger suburb was divided between the newly formed districts Mitte and Wedding, the boundary between these districts along the line Boyenstraße - Liesenstraße - Garden Street - Bernauer Strasse was drawn. From 1961 to 1990 here was a section of the Berlin Wall, since 1945-1990 the district center to East Berlin and the Wedding district belonged to the French sector of West Berlin.

Attractions

Museums and Memorials

  • Natural History Museum in the disability road
  • Memorial and Documentation Centre Berlin Wall in Bernauer Strasse

Churches

  • Ruins of destroyed in the Second World War, St. Elizabeth's Church in the disability road
  • Chapel of Reconciliation at the site of the demolished in 1985 by the GDR Church of Reconciliation in Bernauer Strasse
  • St. Sebastian Church on garden space, the third- oldest Catholic church in Berlin

Cemeteries

Several old cemeteries, including burial sites of prominent artists or military, are located in the Oranienburger suburb:

  • The 1748 voltage applied between the Scharnhorststraße and the Berlin- Spandau Ship Canal Invalidenfriedhof, where among other General Scharnhorst is buried,
  • The 1763 scale Dorotheenstädtische cemetery on the road Road 126, where among other things, the resting places of Bertolt Brecht, August Borsig, Serious Litfaß and Karl Friedrich Schinkel are,
  • The French cemetery, which was in 1780 as a burial place for the Huguenots,
  • The 1827 scale II Sophia cemetery on the mountain road 29, where among other things Albert Gustav Lortzingstraße is buried,
  • The 1844 -based St. Elizabeth Cemetery on the farm road 37, where among other things Gottlieb Friedrich Wollank was buried.

(see also: Berlin funeral services )

Mitte (locality) Fischerinsel Alt-Berlin Nikolaiviertel Dorotheenstadt Friedrichstadt (Berlin) Alexanderplatz Scheunenviertel Gesundbrunnen (Berlin) Wedding (Berlin) Mechanical engineering Feuerland Train station#Terminus Tenement Albert Lortzing List of cemeteries in Berlin
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