Orda (organization)

A horde is a roving band of wild or rotting.

Etymology and meaning change

The word was on the Polish - borrowed from a Turkic language into various European languages ​​(English, French horde, Spanish horda, it orda. ) - Where the consonant initial sound can first be detected. The first evidence in the English language dates back to the year 1555 in French on 1559, while the German dates the German dictionary, the " first-time occurrence " in 1768, but noted that the evidence " further up " ranged; Kluge indicates that the word is derived from the 15th century.

Turkish ordu (rare regionally also ordained, Tatar orda ) originally meant " camp " and is in modern Turkey - Turkish until now the name for ' Army, Army. "This original meaning cited as the German dictionary with JC Nehring's historical- political- legal Lexicon in the edition of 1736: hordes, so heiszen the deposit- those Tartars. The meaning of the word eventually expanded to refer to the tribal and military organizations, including the kingdoms and dominions of the Turkish conquerors of large parts of Asia and Eastern Europe. These are, as the Golden Horde, Orda horde, horde Buqai, Great Horde, Middle Horde, Small Horde, Blue Horde, White Horde, and Nogai Horde. From this Turkish root, about the name of the Indian language Urdu has developed.

Colloquial language how high the word was soon also used for non-Turkish armies, often connotes given its conceptual historical relationship with the " Turkish threat " pejoratively with brutality or at least disorder. Outside military contexts the word is also used as collective noun for any collection of animals used ( here synonymous with " herd " ) or humans.

In anthropology, a hypothetical social unit of human primitive society is called " Horde ".