Ordination

Ordination (Latin: ordinatio: "Order, Consecration " ) is an act of worship in Christian churches and Judaism, by the believers ( in the Roman Catholic, Orthodox and many free churches men only) will be blessed, sorted and sent to the ministry. The central sign of blessing in all liturgies of ordination is the laying on of hands. It is already in the New Testament (2 Tim 1.6 EU; 1 Tim 4,14 EU) mentioned as a gesture of power transmission.

Churches Catholic and Orthodox tradition

In the churches of Catholic and Orthodox tradition ( Roman Catholic Church, Orthodox Churches, Old Catholic and Anglican churches ) is meant by the ordination, the ordination to the apostolic office of deacon three times, presbyter (priest ) and Bishop; this is also referred to by the terms diaconate, priesthood and consecrated bishop. In most of these churches, this act is a sacrament. The term comes from the Latin ordinatio ordination. No surgery, however, is the appointment to the services of lector and acolyte, the institutional, the Germans rendered " commissioning ".

The ordination as a sacrament can only be donated men in the Roman Catholic Church and all Orthodox churches. In the Old Catholic and Anglican church and women be ordained.

Evangelical churches

This is even more the technical term ordination is (Latin for admission of a candidate [m / w] in the service community of priests with all the rights and obligations ) are common in the Protestant churches. Despite the name similarity, the ordination is strictly distinguished in the member churches of the Evangelical Church in Germany of the sacramental consecration of churches Catholic and Orthodox tradition and the Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church, as it is not to justify the affiliation to a special priesthood. Although Martin Luther's talk of the " common priesthood of all the baptized " is taken up in only one place in the confessional writings of the Evangelical Lutheran Church, this idea is for the Protestant churches of national church embossing in Germany very important and a separation between priests and lay their understanding of the Church's Office alien. The ordination is blessing and mission of public proclamation of the Word and administering the sacraments. For several years, the ordination is possible to volunteering for an unpaid service for the administration of the sacraments.

Evangelical churches

The practice of ordination is different in the various Protestant churches of the EKD and confession traditions. Part it is connected (and almost identical) with the introduction of the first pastorate, and partly at the end of the last training phase donated jointly ( in the already obtained a provisional proclamation and sacrament assignment was ) individual candidates or even a whole group of classes. In some Lutheran churches, ordained only can lead the celebration of the Eucharist, provisional or temporary assignments, there are not there.

A special ordination practice, the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland: She understands the priesthood of all believers in the way that even theologically educated preachers continued and non- theological employees can be (eg youth officers ) ordained.

It is similar to the Evangelical Church in Central Germany. Also there can theologically trained lay be ordained. In general, here is the successful participation in the Church's distance learning ( KFU ), which includes a theological distance education, and completion of advanced courses or the first theological examination requirement.

The Protestant Church of the Palatinate ordained preachers and church deacons and youth officers. Requirement is the participation in a Prädikantenkurs ( for people who are not full-time in service of the Church ) or ordination course ( for church employees). The ordination is considered to be permanent and is not working on fields or localized.

The Protestant ordination service is held by the Dean / in, superintendents, regional or national bishop. According to scripture reading and sermon usually follow more writing words that relate to the pastoral and preaching ministry, on the questioning of the candidate. According to his willingness to finally the ordination prayer with the laying on of hands Often, the celebration of the Eucharist connects.

Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church

The Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church ( SELK ) is also spoken of consecration ( ordination altlutherisches form). Is derived the ministry in the SELK from the apostolate and not from the priesthood of all the baptized. The priest faces the congregation, because he in the enactment of the Annunciation and the Sakramentsspendung Christ in persona Christi (cf. the Lutheran confession apology for the CA, Article 13) represents. The consecration will be donated either by the bishop or a pastor or a superintendent laying on of hands. According to early church tradition assist at least two other ordained. More to the understanding of ministry and ordination rite here.

The Christian Community

In the Christian Community to the priesthood is a sacrament by which more all priests ordained the same proxy. It will be ordained priests both men and women.

Judaism

The formal ordination is referred to in Judaism as Semicha. In the German Judaism rabbis are appointed by an ordination by a scientific training or studying at a Talmud school in their office. This training is for Liberal Judaism at the Abraham Geiger College in collaboration with the University of Potsdam. On 13 and 14 September 2006 were rabbis in the New Synagogue in Dresden for the first time since the end of World War II re- ordained in Germany. The first ordination ceremony took place in Germany for Orthodox Judaism on June 2, 2009 in Munich, in the synagogue of the Jewish community of Munich and Upper Bavaria instead. Training institution for Orthodox rabbis is the Rabbinical Seminary, founded in 2009 in Berlin.