Oriel window

A bay window ( MHG oriel [e ], ärker, probably a loanword from nordfrz. Arquière for " firing point " or " loophole " actually " Maue design book Tung " ) is a closed, covered, reaching over one or more projectiles porch on the facade of house. In contrast to the castellated manor it rises from the non- ground, but is supported by a cantilevered beam or console location. The transitions to the balcony, which can also be covered and glazed, are sometimes blurred.

Military function

Bay were especially popular in the Middle Ages fortifications. For one, you could be overlooked by them from the wall better and fight potential attackers from cover with missiles (see also: Military bay ). In a corner balcony you had a good viewing angle of 270 °. For another, a downwardly open abortion bay also serve as a toilet.

Chapel

In castles, stately houses and castles in a single-storey oriel chapel is often (also called Chörlein ) to find where is the sanctuary of an orchestra. A church commandment forbids living spaces above the altar. Whether it is at the most famous Chörlein, the vicarage of Sebald in Nuremberg, a bay or is a castellated manor may be quite controversial, but is ultimately pointless.

Living space

Since the late Gothic and Renaissance bay window of the room was in the house to extend the living space, for better exposure of the rooms and as an artistic motif structure of the facade. If the bay window protrudes only at the level of the windows, ie without the balustrade of the facade, so this is a bay window and not a bay window, because all windows are called bay windows so. Often the bay as a turret is performed with a high roof up over the eaves. In Landshut resulted in the Middle Ages the frequent instability of many oriel on residential buildings to collapse, whereupon they were banned there.

In Islamic countries, referred to as Maschrabiyya bay is a frequently encountered component which women without concealment provides the opportunity to observe the street life and to enjoy a well-ventilated seat.

Wooden bay window in Cairo ( Gayer Anderson Museum )

Modern British tradition

As a means of better light supply, optical extension of the interior space and a larger outlook and to the sides are known as Bay Windows, protruding from the outer wall window systems since the Victorian architecture of the 1870s and still to this day a very popular constant of the British domestic architecture for the masses. In common parlance, Bay Window indiscriminately used as an umbrella term to both Ausluchten like to bay, as they are similar in appearance very and the function is exactly the same. Numerically outweigh Ausluchten the bay by far. The special designation Oriel Window for the bay is rather reserved for the use of scientific language and is usually applied to historical or historicist buildings.

From the British model, starting this use of the Bay Window catchment found in the residential architecture of other English-speaking countries, especially in the USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Actual bay come here more frequently used than in the British Isles. The city of San Francisco has a high concentration of window bays.

The advantages of the improved light feeding of the bay window have already been transferred in 1864 to the Pionierbau Oriel Chambers in Liverpool by the local architect Peter Ellis ( 1808-1888 ) in the business architecture. Starting from here, they also play a role in the early skyscrapers of Chicago's school for some time in the late 19th century. The often different design of the ground floor entails that there are dealing with real bay, which often extend to the roof.

Apartments with Bay Windows in Hyndland, Glasgow, late 19th or early 20th century

Bay Window in San Francisco

Oriel Chambers, Liverpool, Peter Ellis, 1864

Reliance Building, Chicago, Burnham and Root, 1890-95

Image examples

Bay window in the courtyard of Schloss hard rock

Castle Street in Schöckingen

Triangular bay window in the Hellwigstraße, Saarbrücken, 1927

Multi-storey residential building with bay windows ( sun Allee, Berlin )

Residential building with bay windows rhythmising as a corner solution in Vienna

Bay Bonneval- Eure et Loir

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