Orifice of ureter

The ureteral orifice ( from Latin ostium, input ' and ureter, ureter ', also Ureterostium, ureteral or ureteral orifice ) is the paired entry point of the ureter into the bladder.

Anatomical Location and Function

The ureteral orifices limit together with the initial portion of the urethra, the bladder fundus ( urethral internum ) the trigone of the bladder ( bladder triangle). The distance between the two ureteral orifices on the plica interureterica ( Ureterenleiste ) is in the normal case in an adult of 40 to 50 mm. The last portion of the ureter extending in the bladder wall. The ureteral orifices are therefore normally closed when the bladder is full and tense thereby. When this cap from genetic or acquired reasons is incomplete, this can lead to vesicoureteral reflux, that is, the urine from the bladder through the urethra from flowing back into the renal pelvis. This may, inter alia, repeated bacterial infections, such as pyelonephritis ( pyelonephritis ), lead. The closing ability of the ureteral orifices can be checked with the help of a Miktionszystourethrogramms.

Abnormalities of the ureteral orifices

Normal ureteral orifices appear in the urethrocystoscopy ( urethral and bladder examination ) oval or slit-shaped. You then lie on the plica interureterica. Abnormal ureteral orifices are divided into different shape and position types. The normal position is called trigonal ( type A). Position deviations extend to the type D which is strongly lateralized. So there are the stresses oval mouth is offset ( with the shape of a stadium ), which is usually to the side ( lateral). The horseshoe-shaped ostium is usually lateralized even stronger and leads because of the shorter intramural tunnel, often at a vesicoureteral reflux. Even with a circular orifice ( " golf hole" ) may lead to a Harnreflux. This type often develops after resection of a bladder tumor on or in the ostium.

An orifice of one or both ureters into the urethra is called Harnleiterektopie. This malformation is hereditary in the dog.

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