Orthographic projection (cartography)

The orthographic azimuthal projection is a map in which the (ground ) surface is represented by parallel projection onto a plane. The projection can be presented up to a hemisphere. It is neither surfaces nor conformal, but quite clearly, because it shows the surface as it would be seen from ( endlessly ) a great distance " from outer space ". It forms along the concentric circles around the center (width circles in polar projection ) from isometrically.

This projection is often used for lunar and planetary maps. In particular, the moon always shows us the same side, is illustrated as viewed from Earth. The oblique projection ( with focus either on the pole or at the equator) is often used for postcards and other explanatory views of the earth.

Polar projection

Oblique projection, centered on Japan

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