Oskar Perron
Oskar Perron ( born May 7, 1880 in Frankenthal (Pfalz ), † 22 February 1975 in Munich ) was a German mathematician.
Life
Perrons father Henry was a merchant and banker in Frankenthal. After attending grammar school in Worms he took in 1898 to study mathematics and physics at the University of Munich. He also spent several semesters in Berlin.
In 1902 he received his doctorate in Ferdinand von Lindemann in Munich and was in the same year the second phase of a teaching degree in mathematics and physics.
In 1906, he was, after stays in Göttingen ( with David Hilbert ) and Tübingen lecturer in mathematics at the University of Munich. From 1910 to 1914 he taught as an adjunct professor in Tübingen, afterwards, he received a full professorship in Heidelberg. In 1913 he published the book The theory of continued fractions. 1915-1918 he did his military service first at the Regional Storm, and later as a lieutenant in a surveying department. In 1922 he took over as the successor of his teacher Alfred Pringsheim a chair of mathematics at the University of Munich and became known with his colleagues Constantin Carathéodory and Heinrich Tietze as "Munich triumvirate of mathematics ". During the Third Reich Perron was distinguished by its decidedly directed against the Nazis attitude. In the debates in the years 1938 to 1944 a successor for Constantin Carathéodory, he pushed through the appointment of the Nazi regime not related, but qualified Eberhard Hopf. In addition, Perron tried, often in vain, to prevent parteiideologisch motivated Habilitation and teaching awards. In 1951 he became Professor Emeritus, but he remained scientifically active until 1960 and held lectures.
With great success, he devoted himself to numerous questions of the "classical " mathematics while he appreciated the little "modern", more abstract mathematics. Diophantine approximations employed him over decades. Its solutions were as Perron transfer rates in the literature. Also generalized multidimensional continued fractions ( Jacobi -Perron continued fraction algorithm shear ) bothered him since his habilitation to his last publication. Asymptotic and infinite series were treated, as well as difference equations, ordinary and partial differential equations. With its Perron integral and the Perron 's method in the treatment of the Dirichlet problem, he gained international attention and recognition in professional circles. In addition, he was concerned with celestial mechanics problems, with the matrix theory ( set of Perron - Frobenius ), and after his retirement with the non-Euclidean geometry.
As a textbook author - such as irrational numbers and algebra - he demonstrated extraordinary abilities. Even as a high school teacher, he was well liked and appreciated by students.
He was a member of the Leopoldina (1919), Heidelberg (1917 ) and the Bavarian Academy of Sciences ( 1924), and the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen (1928 ). In 1934 he was also Chairman of the German Mathematical Society.
Honors
Works
- About the rotation of a rigid body about its center of gravity with action of external forces, Diss Munich 1902
- Foundations for a theory of Jacobi continued fraction algorithm, Habilitation Thesis Leipzig 1906
- The theory of continued fractions, 2 vols, 1913, 3rd edition, Teubner Verlag, 1954 ( Vol. 1 Elementary continued fractions, Vol 2 analytic and theoretical chain breaks)
- Irrational numbers, 1921, 4th edition, de Gruyter, Berlin 1960
- Algebra I, II, Sammlung Goschen in 1927, 3rd edition 1951
- Non-Euclidean elementary geometry the plane, Teubner, Stuttgart 1962
Selection of some of his works, which are accessible online:
- Perron: On Truth and error in mathematics, inaugural lecture, Tübingen 1911, Jb DMV 1911
- Perron: What are and what are the irrational numbers? Habilitation speech, Munich 1906, Jb DMV 1907
- Perron: New Construction of non-Euclidean trigonometry, Mathematische Annalen Bd.119, 1943
- Perron: About Diophantine approximation, Mathematische Annalen Bd.83, 1921