Oslavany

Oslavany ( German Oslawan ) is a city in the Czech Republic in the South Moravian Region ( South Moravian Region ) in Okres Brno- venkov ( Brno-Country District ).

Location

Oslavany located about 20 km south-west of Brno on the river Oslava of her surrounds the city from the west, north and east and is crossed by two bridges. About the community rises Mount Kukla with the conveyor system of the coal mine of the same name. To Oslavany that belongs just northeast of the village located Padochov, an old mining community. An incipient Oslavany railway line connects Oslavany with Ivančice and Brno. The train station of Oslavany and the industrial area of the town lie to the southeast, across the river. Oslavany also has a bus station.

History

The area of Oslavany has been inhabited since the Stone Age. The village 1104. Was first mentioned Since 1197 it belonged to the monastery Trebitsch 1225 and fell in change at Heilwida of Znojmo founded the Cistercian monastery " Vallis S. Mariae " ( Marienthal ) in Oslavany. It was the first nunnery in Moravian ground for the papal legate Conrad issued a certificate in the same year in which the monastic estates and rights were confirmed. It was 1228 in the presence of the Bohemian King Ottokar I. Přemysl that equipped the monastery with numerous privileges, inaugurated by the Olomouc Bishop Robert.

In the Hussite Wars, the monastery was destroyed in 1443. After the fire of 1525 it was abandoned, and the nuns moved to the Cistercian monastery in Old Brno. Oslavany fell to King Ferdinand I, the following multiple awarded it as a pledge shaft. 1577 Oslavany was owned by Christoph von Althann. His successor, Adolf von Althann had the monastery rebuilt into a Renaissance chateau with arcades two wings. The next owner of Wolf Dietrich Althann stood in the Bohemian uprising on the part of the insurgents, which is why it was expropriated by the Emperor Ferdinand II. The possessions went to Wolf Dietrich's Catholic brother Michael Adam of Althann.

Through marriage Oslavany 1654 came to the Lords of Minor Arts. 1712 sold Peter Ernst von Mollart Oslavany to the Old Brno Cistercian monastery. After its dissolution in the wake of the Josephine reforms in 1782 Oslavany fell again to the royal chamber, which it awarded in 1789 as a heritage to John Nepomuk Schraff.

Since 1885 the castle was owned by the family of Gomperzes. At times, lived and worked there as a guest of the family of the poet Ferdinand von Saar. 1939 was confiscated by the Germans and converted to a barracks. 1945, the family Gomperzes was expropriated, the castle fell to the Czechoslovak state. It was subsequently used primarily as a warehouse. In 1993 the castle became communal property; Restoration measures are underway.

Economic Development

Since the 13th century there was a royally privileged copper mining in the area around Oslavany. 1760 discovered the Oslavaner rule manager Riedl around Oslawan coal reserves and was awarded by Maria Theresa, in her capacity as Queen of Bohemia, with a gold medal. In the hitherto agricultural community so that kept the industrialization catchment, which in addition to copper and coal production faience played an important role, in which white ceramic ware was produced with blue decoration. Contributions to the economic development of Oslawan earned Johann Muller, who was in 1800 the owner of the local coal mines. 1860 died in an accident in the mine Františka 60 miners killed in 1921 when a new misfortune in the pit Kukla further 26 in 1913 the thermal power plant of Oslavany was put into operation, which was heated with coal in the region. 1973 has been set with the closure of the mine Kukla in the mining industry; The power plant was shut down twenty years later.

Attractions

• The Oslavany lock has, especially with the castle chapel, buildings from the medieval monastery, but is dominated by the reconstruction in the 16th century by the Renaissance style. The courtyard of the two-story facility grace arcades. The chapel is used for concerts, the castle itself is accessible only to a few days for the public.
• The parish church of St. Nicholas ( Kostel Sv. Mikulase ) was first mentioned in 1320 and later rebuilt in the Renaissance and then the Baroque style. It contains a Gothic statue of Virgin Mary with Child and a golden statue of Mary from the year 1707.
• Ecce Homo statue in front of the parish church in 1705.
• Statues Of Saint John Sarkander of 1746 and John of Nepomuk from 1717 to the bridge before the town hall.
• Statues of Our Lady of Sorrows and Jesus with crown of thorns in the cemetery.
• Monuments for the two mine accidents, also in the cemetery
• Nepomuk statue in the district Padochov.