Ostankino Tower
The Ostankino TV tower (Russian Останкинская телебашня ) is a radio and television tower in Moscow. He was with a height of 537 meters originally since it was built from 1967 to 1975 the tallest freestanding structure in the world. After the Tokyo Sky Tree, the Canton Tower and the CN Tower, it is the fourth tallest TV tower in the world. The eight-kilometer north of the center -standing tower was built in 1963 to a design by Nikolai Vasilyevich Nikitin and was up to a first fire in August 2000 for approximately 200,000 visitors annually an attraction. After renovations it is open to the public again since 2009.
Its height was surpassed in 1976 by the 553 -meter CN Tower in Toronto.
- 3.1 Architecture and Technology
- 3.2 public facilities
- 4.1 Radiated television programs
- 4.2 Radiated radio programs
Location
The Ostankino TV tower stands in the northeastern prefecture of Moscow Ostankinski district. The landscaped open space, on which the tower is located, is limited to the north of the main road Ulitsa Akademika Koroleva. Southeast of the tower is named after this street Korolev Concert Hall (Russian Концертный зал " Королёвский "), which is used for various events. To the north stretches the vast Ostankino Park, a former estate of Count Sheremetev with a mansion and several lakes and ponds. Southwest of the television tower is the breakpoint Ostankino on the high-speed Moscow-St. Petersburg, for links with local trains from the Leningrad station, among others, in the direction of Zelenograd, Klin and Tver. Along the Ulitsa Akademika Koroleva runs a tram line and the Moscow Monorail whose stations Telezentr Ulitsa Akademika Koroleva and are located in the vicinity of the tower. The nearest metro station is VDNKh, about two kilometers east of the television tower.
History
Planning and construction
By a decree of the Ministry of Communication of 17 March 1959, the contract for the design of the Moscow television tower was awarded. Fritz Leonhardt, designer of serving as a role model, 1956 completed the Stuttgart Television Tower, the planners gave great advice. Detailed construction plans were approved on May 16. First, a plot of land in the southwest of Moscow was earmarked as the site, which, however, was then transferred into the district Ostankino. Another decree of August 12, 1960, provided for the supply of the city with two television stations, one radio station and one television program broadcast in color called Igla. In April 1961, doubts about the stability of the subsoil came on. Only in July 1962 reliable solution for foundations was found after many tests. The final building permit was made on 22 March 1963.
Fire disaster
In a fire on August 27, 2000, four people, three firefighters and an elevator guide came in the crash of an elevator killed. The fire broke out in 463 meters of height, as the cause of a short circuit was suspected. The tower suffered such severe damage in its structure, that even a demolition was considered. Because of the danger of collapse, a safety zone of 700 meters was built around the tower one day after the fire. The observation deck and the restaurant 7th Heaven were closed for several years due to renovations.
Due to a misinterpreted official message has been reported in some international newspapers in 2003, the Ostankino Tower is a new antenna 40 feet higher than before, namely 580 meters high. While it is a new antenna was mounted, the height not changed. Another new antenna was provided for, the financing but not guaranteed. The realization of plans now seems unlikely, since the tower (eg Burj Khalifa, Shanghai Tower, Canton Tower, One World Trade Center ) can no longer be the tallest building in the world because now under construction or already finished even higher building.
On 25 May 2007 Russian news agencies reported again the outbreak of a fire, this time in 340 meters height, which was cleared against 11:50 clock again. This was due to welding work on an outer suspension.
Since April 7, 2009, observation decks are open to the public again, but only guided tours for groups are available for the time being; the restaurant is closed.
Description
Architecture and Technology
The Ostankino TV tower stands on a circular base with 74 meters in diameter, which projects 3.5 meters into the earth. His base of the tower consists of a 63 -meter-high truncated cone with ten trapezoidal cut-outs. In addition are different sized portholes. The unusual stilt -like base of the tower leans in shape to the plant world; Tree trunks protrude similar to heaven. A similar appearance has the television tower was also started in the 1960s Ještěd in the Czech Republic. Also, the TV tower ox head and the television tower Pyongyang similar in shape to the Ostankino TV tower.
The diameter of the tower shaft tapers from 18 to 8.10 meters. The concrete part is 385 meters high. This is followed by a steel pole connects to an antenna carrier. The shaft is not accessible to the public three storeys are at 147, 243 and 269 meters. At different heights from collar ring platforms for directional antennas and wind instruments as well as individual projectiles for broadcast purposes. The foot and shaft comprise a total enclosed area of about 70,000 cubic meters. The total area of all floors is 15,000 square meters.
The actual basket tower is located at an altitude 325-360 meters and has eight floors. From its cylindrical basic shape jumps out of the center also produced a cylindrical projectile.
Public facilities
In 58 seconds, visitors can reach the observation deck with glass windows in the floor and a tower restaurant in 337 meters height with the lift. At present, the visit is available only for groups by appointment.
Frequencies and programs
The Ostankino TV tower currently emits 19 television and 15 radio programs. The first radio signals are sent to the tower on November 7, 1967. Over the years, the transmission levels of the antennas have been improved and their number.
Radiated television programs
Radiated radio programs
Gallery
The observation deck
View to the west. In the middle of the track rail line St. Petersburg - Moscow is seen.
Looking through a glass window in the floor of the observation deck