Ostrogozhsk
Ostrogozhsk (Russian Острогожск ) is a town in Voronezh Oblast (Russia) with 33 842 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ).
Geography
The city is located on the central Russian plate about 140 km south of the Oblasthauptstadt Voronezh at the Tichaja Sosna, a right tributary of the Don.
Ostrogozhsk is the administrative center of the homonymous Rajons.
The city lies on the opened on this section 1895 railway Kharkiv Waluiki - Balashov - Pensa.
History
However, the official year is 1652, when here on the orders of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in place of an existing since the beginning of the century a settlement Ostrog was built in the course of Belgorod defensive line along the former southern boundary of the Tsardom Russia. The place name is derived from the name of the creek Ostrogoschtsch, which flows into the Tichaja Sosna.
1765 a city charter was granted; 1779, the city became the administrative center of a circle ( Ujesds ), this remained throughout the 19th century within the province of Voronezh.
During World War II Ostrogozhsk was occupied on July 5, 1942 by the German Wehrmacht and recaptured on 20 January 1943 by troops of the Voronezh Front Red Army as part of Operation Ostrogozhsk - Rossosh.
Demographics
Note: Census data (1926-1939 rounded)
Culture and sights
In Ostrogozhsk a number of merchant Häusers from the 19th and early 20th century has survived.
Ostrogozhsk has a named after the painter Ivan Kramskoi museum with gallery. The birth and home of the painter was also converted into a museum.
In the city center there is a memorial stone to commemorate a meeting between Peter the Great and the Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Mazepa, which took place in 1696 in Ostrogozhsk.
Personalities
- Anatoli Filipchenko (* 1928), cosmonaut, spent youth in Ostrogozhsk; Honorary Citizen of the City
- Ivan Kramskoi (1837-1887), painter, educator and art critic, born in Ostrogozhsk
- Samuil Marshak (1887-1964), writer, spent his childhood and youth in Ostrogozhsk
- Kondrati Ryleyev (1795-1826), poet and Decembrist, lived for several years on a farm near Ostrogozhsk and married here a landowner 's daughter; wrote the Ode Peter the Great in Ostrogozhsk
- Nikolai Stankevich (1813-1840), was born in the nearby village Uderewka and attended school in Ostrogozhsk
Economy
In Ostrogozhsk there are companies in the food and textile industries and the construction industry.