Otto Reche

Otto Reche ( born May 24, 1879 in Glatz, † March 23, 1966 in Großhansdorf near Hamburg ) was a German anthropologist and ethnologist.

  • 3.1 fonts at a glance

Life

Youth and Education

After schooling Reche studied zoology, comparative anatomy, anthropology, Ernst Haeckel, and John Walther and Botany at Ferdinand Albin Pax in Breslau, later geography at the University of Jena in Karl Dove and natural sciences in Berlin. He also attended events at Frech paleontology, anthropology and ethnology at Georg Thilenius in philosophy and psychology at Hermann Ebbinghaus, which should have a major influence on his work.

1904 Reche received his doctorate at the University of Breslau with a thesis on comparative anatomy and zoology at Willy Kükenthal. Dissertation topic was "On the form and function of the cervical spine, the whales ".

Career in the German Empire and the Weimar Republic

Following his university days Reche first worked for several years at the Museum of Silesian Antiquities at Hans Seger in Wroclaw and at the Museum of Ethnology in Berlin. Later he joined as a lecturer at the Colonial Institute in Hamburg, the forerunner of the University.

1908/ 09 Reche took part in a South Sea Expedition of the Hamburg Scientific Foundation. In 1911 he was head of department at the Museum of Ethnology Hamburg. At the First World War he took from 1915 to 1917 as an officer of the country storm on the eastern front part. In 1918 he was appointed professor. In 1919 he completed his habilitation at the University of Hamburg for Anthropology and Ethnology. In 1924 he became a full professor at the University of Vienna in the successor of Rudolf Pöch. Since 1927 he has held the Chair of Anthropology at the University of Leipzig as a successor to Karl Weules. There he directed from 1 September 1927, the Ethnological- Anthropological Institute, later renamed " Institute for Race and Ethnography ". November 11, 1933, he signed the confession of professors at German universities and colleges to Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist state, an election call for NS - unit selection list on the following day ( November 1933 general election ).

1925 Reche founded the "Vienna Society for Racial Hygiene " in 1926 together with the Navy doctor Paul Steffan the " German Society for Blood Group Research" and 1927 whose body is the magazine for racial physiology. He developed a lively " rassekundliche " training and lectures and was Head of the Anthropological Institute of the University of Vienna. Despite the thinly veiled Nazi orientation of the company working at the Institute professors, lecturers and assistants were able to spread their teachings freely, as guaranteed outward semblance of scientific rigor remained. Reches former research assistant Michael Hesch attested 1939 in a Festschrift on the occasion Reches 60th birthday, by the effectiveness of the company was " above all the Jewish influence on this until then very largely by Jews competitive field [ of blood group research ] in Germany largely before 1933 been turned off. "

Nazi period and late life

In the era of National Socialism Reche was in contact with various Nazi organizations. Professionally, he was commissioned especially with the creation rassenkundlicher parentage. He also intensified his anthropological surveys of different population groups, especially among the Sorbs. Its importance as researchers race in Nazi Germany proposes, for example, in his listing in the 5000 reference book heads. Who was that in the Third Reich, a Who's Who of the leading figures of the Nazi state, down.

To May 1, 1937 Reche joined the NSDAP. He also was a member of NSA, NS- Teachers' Association, NSKOV, Reichsbund German family and NS - old boys covenant.

On April 16, 1945 Reche was arrested by the Americans. After his release, he was able to resume his work as an expert again and made to judicial paternity tests.

Scientific work

1931 resulted in the preoccupation with the nature of the blood group by studies in ultraviolet light by Reche to the discovery of the fluorescence of the blood serum sick, their laws and readability for the early diagnosis of diseases have since become the subject of medical research. (Fluorescence diagnosis: Munich Medical Knowledge No. 38, 1931).

Reche was instrumental in the establishment and expansion of so-called racial-biological parentage test report: On Reches explanatory memorandum, the Supreme Court met in Vienna in 1926, the first time for courts in the German-speaking area, in a paternity process the decision that in addition to the previously solely relied on blood groups and the rassenkundliche " Erbanalyse " should be used for the report. During the period of National Socialism, the inheritance and racial biological parentage has been used as an essential tool of the race maintenance in accordance with the Nuremberg Laws of 1935. His relevant theories worked out in Reche Anthropological writings as evidence in paternity processes ( 1926), pedigree and race (1938 ) and the history of biological parentage verification in Germany (1938).

During the Second World War Reche also appeared as " an apologist for genocide in Eastern Europe" in appearance. So he offered a consultant to the North German research company, with the set up by Albert Brackmann publication office in Berlin -Dahlem was staffed largely identical, and the same rooms used, in September 1939 his anthropological expertise, as he knew from decades of research on what the Polish people "racially valuable" is and which population groups are to expel from the new German settlement in Poland. "We need space yes, but no Polish lice in the fur " About Brackmann he was able to bring his racist conceptions in the influential Ostforschung. In September 1942, he warned of a " mixture " of the Germans with the breeds of the conquered territories in the Soviet Union, which he calls " biologically destructive" known as. Therefore, the settlements would have to be previously "cleansed " of all the locals.

Writings

Reche wrote, among other things, " to ethnography of the landlocked region of German East Africa " ( 1914) and were several anthropological journals ( for example:. . Magazine for racial physiology and folk and race Illustrated Monthly Journal of the German folk, race theory, racial hygiene journal of the " Reich Committee for Public Health Services "and the" German Society for Racial Hygiene. " ) out. Great importance was his ethnography dissemination of human races, which was used together with the associated school wall maps during the Nazi era in a large scale in the classroom.

Fonts at a glance

  • The Empress Augusta River, Hamburg 1913.
  • For ethnography of landlocked territory of German East Africa due to the collection of the East African Expedition ( Dr. E. Fruit ) d Geographical Society in Hamburg, Hamburg, 1914.
  • The importance of race care for the future of our nation, Vienna 1925.
  • For the 25th anniversary of the Vinderen Laboratory in Oslo, Munich 1932.
  • The Early Neolithic skeleton of large - Tinz in Silesia, Leipzig 1933.
  • Emperor Charles Law to political and religious subjugation of Saxony, Leipzig 1935.
  • The mixture of races in humans, Munich 1936.
  • Race and home of the Indo-Europeans, Munich 1936.
  • The importance of race care for the future of our nation, in 1938.
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