Overburden

As the overburden the Nutzmineral overlapping layers of rock are called open pit.

Opencast lignite mines

Overburden economy

When Neuaufschluss a lignite mining, the topsoil is first removed and stored separately for later reclamation. Then the overlapping on the coal seam overburden layers, which usually consist of quaternary and tertiary layers in lignite mine, cleared and mounted on dump. When Neuaufschluss the fag is necessarily outside of the mine and is therefore referred to as an external dump. If the lignite mining later progressed far enough so the then accumulating overburden is tilted in the charred area, then one speaks of the inner balance. In the course of restoring external dump is now mostly worn away and also turned over the charred surface mining.

Removal of excavated material

Overburden is - depending on the thickness of the overburden - dredged in one or more steps. Purpose, first realized by a bucket chain excavators precut in the deep section of the earth's surface from; him a further, more up imputed excavator in high cut, if necessary, a third versions on the same subgrade excavators again in the low cut.

The overburden has to be promoted to the open pit around on the tilting side. This is done by conveyor belt or traction mode or directly above the open pit away with a conveyor bridge. The backhoe support the overburden either the conveyor or the trains. In conveyor bridge operating high and low cut excavators are coupled thereto.

On the tilting side of the overburden is tilted by the settler.

Ore and deep opencast mines

Also, ores and other raw materials as lignite are extracted in open. Due to the mostly non- flözartigen training the reservoir body, a different technique is used here. Overburden and Nutzmineral be obtained by spoon or draglines; because of the generally higher rock strength must be broken in most cases also. The overburden is loaded by the excavator in mining truck with a capacity of up to 360 tons / vehicle and drove with them on outer dump. An inside tip is not usually possible because the reduction in these surface mines concentrated in a small space and thus not enough space is available.