Oxybasis chenopodioides

Dickblättriger goosefoot ( Oxybasis chenopodioides )

The Dickblättrige called goosefoot ( Oxybasis chenopodioides, Syn Chenopodium chenopodioides ), also Dick leaf goosefoot or salt - red goosefoot, is a native to Central Europe flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae ( Amaranthaceae ). It occurs in Europe, North Africa and Asia, as well as introduced species in North and South America.

• 4.1 Notes and references

Description

Vegetative characteristics

The Dickblättrige goosefoot is an annual herbaceous plant with plant height from 5 to 50 cm. The upright or prostrate - ascending, branched stems are ribbed and striped green and mostly hairless.

The green upper side, lower side dark green leaves are somewhat fleshy and glabrous or slightly mealy. The leaf blade is broadly triangular, with two rough corners and is usually 3 to 4 cm (up to 6 cm) long and wide. The leaf margin is serrated margin entire or shallow. The leaf base is wedge-shaped narrowed to petiole down.

Inflorescence and flower

The inflorescence consists of knäueligen part inflorescences that convene to lateral branched pseudo-spikes. The bracts are oblong - lanceolate to linear, and up to 1.5 cm long. The bare, green, almost globular flower clusters with a diameter of 3 to 4 mm consist of a terminal hermaphrodite flower with four to five bloom cladding and as many stamens and lateral female flowers. The bloom of the lateral flowers are nearly grown up to the top and enclosing the fruit baggy. Up to end within two to four unequal, fleshy, convex lobes (up to 0.5 mm long and 0.4 mm wide), which are clearly keeled on the back. The ovary bears two scars.

Fruit and seeds

The area enclosed by the perianth fruit is ovoid, the net-like dotted pericarp is not due to the seed. In the terminal flower of the seed is horizontal, vertical in the side flower. The flattened ovoid seed has a diameter of 0.5 to 0.9 mm, with blunt rounded edge. The seed coat is dark reddish brown to black and smooth to slightly punctured. The embryo is annular.

The flowering period extends from August to October. The pollination is generally due to the wind.

Chromosome number

The chromosome number is 2n = 18

Occurrence and risk

The natural range of the thick-leafed crow's foot extends from Europe to North Africa and Western and Central Asia to the Chinese province of Xinjiang. It also occurs in North and South America, where it was probably introduced.

The species grows in Central Europe to the seashores on silt and sandy soils, for example, in the summer-dry sand flats ( Thero - Suaedion ) or in ephemeral saline soil associations ( Puccinellio - Spergularion ). In the inland you will find it to salt bodies. It occurs on moist, nutrient- rich and often saline soils and extends only to the colline level stage.

It is one indicator plant for excessive nitrogen abundance in the soil.

In Germany the Dickblättrige goosefoot nationwide safely. In Schleswig -Holstein, Mecklenburg- Vorpommern and Thuringia but leads him the Red List of Threatened Species as critically endangered, in Saxony- Anhalt, he is potentially endangered by its rarity.

In Austria it is limited to the Seewinkel (Burgenland ) and the Marchtal (Lower Austria ).

System

Oxybasis chenopodioides (L.) P. Fuentes, Uotila & Borsch belongs to the tribe Atripliceae in the subfamily Chenopodioideae within the family Amaranthaceae.

The first description of this type carried out in 1771 by Carl Linnaeus, under the name Blitum chenopodioides L. ( in Mantissa Plantarum 2, p 170). Paul Aellen she put 1933 as Chenopodium chenopodioides in the genus Chenopodium ( in Ostenia, Festschr. East. 98). Due to taxonomic confusion the kind Chenopodium botryodes Sm was temporarily assigned. According to a study by Uotila (2001), however, is the long used name Chenopodium chenopodioides correctly. Through molecular genetic studies turned out that the type is not one of Chenopodium in the strict sense. Therefore, it was provided by Suzy Fuentes - Bazan, Pertti Uotila and Thomas Borsch in the genus Oxybasis 2012 ( in Willdenowia 42, 2012, pp. 15-16. ).

Documents

• Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: Image Atlas of ferns and flowering plants in Germany. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4, page 89 (Sections description, occurrence)
• Steven E. Clemants & Sergei L. Mosyakin: Chenopodium chenopodioides - online. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee ( eds.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 4: Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 1, Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford et al 2003, ISBN 0-19-517389-9, p 282 (sections description, occurrence)
• Gelin Zhu, Sergei L. Mosyakin & Steven E. Clemants: Chenopodium chenopodioides - online. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China. Volume 5: Ulmaceae through Basellaceae, Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-27- X, pp. 380 (sections description, occurrence)
• M. A. Fischer, K. Oswald, W. Adler: Exkursionsflora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. Third Edition, Upper Austria, Biology Centre of the Upper Austrian Provincial Museum, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9
• Siegmund Seybold (ed.): Schmeil Fitschen - interactive ( CD -Rom ), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6