Oxyrhynchus Papyri

The Oxyrhynchus papyri are written on papyrus manuscripts that were found by archaeologists at the end of the 19th century in an ancient rubbish dump near the historic town of Oxyrhynchus in Egypt. This extensive collection of papyri containing thousands of documents, letters and literary works in Greek and Latin. There are also some parchment manuscripts under, as well as younger Arabic manuscripts on paper (eg the medieval P. Oxy. VI 1006).

  • 2.2.1 Apocrypha of the New Testament
  • 2.2.2 Other related texts
  • 5.1 Digitized issues of the Oxyrhynchus Papyri

History

In 1855, a papyrus were discovered with 66 verses of a Partheneion of Alcman in Egypt, whose origins lie in the 7th century BC. Then, constituted themselves in Europe and private scientific societies for the purpose of papyrus search. In London, Egypt Exploration Society was founded. Two of their employees, Bernard Grenfell and Arthur Surridge Hunt, made ​​in 1896 in Oxyrhynchus archaeological excavations. Grenfell later describes his first impression as " garbage pits, nothing but garbage pits ".

In fact, they discovered in the former landfill at the Egyptian city of Greek administration, the largest single amount of papyri. The remains include about 400,000 fragments and Museum today for the most part kept in the Ashmolean in Oxford. They are worked continuously and systematically since their discovery. 1898 appeared the first volume of the series "The Oxyrhynchus papyri ". By the end of 2011, 76 volumes with 5100 texts have been published, thus not much more than one percent of the stock.

Theological manuscripts

All as " theologically " classified Oxyrhynchus papyri manuscripts are listed below. In some manuscripts, however, the substantive assignment is difficult. Thus, for about a quote from Psalm 90, which stands on an amulet, such as assign the Magic Oxyrhynchus papyri texts, although it can perform well under the evidential texts of the Old Testament.

Old Testament

→ Main article: Old Testament

  • The first number (v ) is the band (volume) of the Oxyrhynchus papyri in which this manuscript is published.
  • The second number (Oxy ) is the sequential number of all publications of the Oxyrhynchus papyri.
  • The standard abbreviation for quotes Oxyrhynchus papyri:
  • From the context always clear whether they are of the Oxyrhynchus Papyri Volume 70 or whether the Septuagint is meant.
  • P. Oxy. VIII 1073 is a version of the Vetus Latina of 1 Moses, other manuscripts are probably copies of the Septuagint.
  • Data are rounded up to the next 50 years.

Colgate Rochester Crozer Divinity School (before the private sale )

Apocrypha of the Old Testament

As Apocrypha refers to those books that have canonical status in the Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox Churches, but not appeared in the Hebrew Bible and the Protestant Old Testament do not have a canonical status.

  • PP. Oxy. XIII in 1594 and 4444 LXV consist of parchment (called " parchment " highlighted in the table).
  • Both copies of Tobit are different editions of the well-known text of the Septuagint (Note in the table: " not LXX ").

Other related papyri

New Testament

→ Main article: New Testament

The Oxyrhynchus papyri are the largest subgroup of the oldest copies of the New Testament. It is by parts in the Code form ( book), written in Greek uncials ( capitals) on papyrus. The first excavated by Bernard Pyne Grenfell and Arthur Surridge Hunt in Oxyrhynchus (Egypt) at the beginning of the 20th century. Of the 124 registered papyri of the New Testament come 50 (ie 40 percent) from Oxyrhynchus. The oldest of the papyri are dated to the mid-second century. They were thus written within a century after the creation of the autographs.

Grenfell and Hunt discovered the first papyrus of the New Testament ( 1) on the second day of excavation in the winter of 1896 / 97th This discovery, along with other early results was published in 1898 in the first volume of the now 70 - volume work The Oxyrhynchus Papyri.

  • The third column (GA ) refers to today's standard numbering according to quotes from the manuscripts of the New Testament by Caspar René Gregory and Kurt Aland, as it is defined by the Institute for New Testament Textual Research in Münster.
  • Denotes a papyrus manuscript, beginning with a zero number indicates an uncial script on parchment.
  • The content is specified to the nearest chapter, verses are not listed.

Apocrypha of the New Testament

The collection of Oxyrhynchus Papyri contains about 20 manuscripts of the New Testament Apocrypha. These works were sometimes used in the time of the first Christians as biblical books, but ultimately not included among the canon of the Orthodox churches. These include among others the Gospels of Thomas, Mary, Peter, and the Protevangelium of James, the Shepherd of Hermas, and the Didache. Besides the known gospels there are also some not yet assigned Apocrypha. The three manuscripts of the Gospel of Thomas are the only version of these texts in Greek, another is the Coptic version discovered at Nag Hammadi. P. Oxy. 4706 is a manuscript of the Shepherd of Hermas, as two of its sections, vision and commandments which were known previously only separately, were found on a roll.

  • P. Oxy. V 840 and P. Oxy. XV 1782 are written on parchment.
  • 2949? , 3525, 3529? 4705, and 4706 are scrolls, the rest codes.

[ in a code with 3526 ]

Other related texts

  • Four exact datings are highlighted in bold:

Literature on glossaries

  • Francesca Schironi: From Alexandria to Babylon. Near Eastern Languages ​​and Hellenistic Erudition in the Oxyrhynchus Glossary ( P.Oxy. 1802 4812 ) (= Sozomena. Vol. 4). de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2009, ISBN 978-3-11-020693-7.
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