Oxytetracycline

• IUPAC: 2 - ( amino -hydroxy -methylidene )-4- dimethylamino - 5,6,10,11,12 a- pentahydroxy -6-methyl - 4,4 a, 5,5 a, 6,12 a- hexahydrotetracen -1 ,3,12 -trione
• Oxytetracycline
• Glomycin
• Riomitsin

• 79-57-2
• 6153-64-6 ( Dihyydrat )
• 2058-46-0 (hydrochloride)

J01AA06, D06AA03, G01AA07, S01AA04

Antibiotic

183 ° C ( decomposition)

Very poor in water ( 0.2 g · l -1)

Attention

4800 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Oxytetracycline ( oxytetracycline synonyms, Glomycin and Riomitsin, short OTC) is an antibiotic from the group of tetracyclines. It is applied locally and cutaneous. In human medicine, oxytetracycline is currently used only in eye and skin creams as well as a combined preparation in capsule form.

Chemistry

Oxytetracycline is a metabolic product of Streptomyces rimosus Streptomycete. The CAS number is 79-57-2, for oxytetracycline dihydrate 6153-64-6, 2058-46-0 for oxytetracycline hydrochloride.

The yellow crystalline powder is hygroscopic and freely soluble in water. Its taste is bitter. In alcohol it is only moderately soluble. As Oxytetracyclinbase it is only sparingly soluble in water and looks more tan.

Pharmacology

Oxytetracycline effected by binding to the 30S - ribosomal subunit to inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria, bacteriostatic. In high concentrations, it is able to inhibit protein synthesis in mammals.

Oxytetracycline has a similar spectrum of activity such as tetracycline and is effective against mycoplasmas, spirochetes, chlamydiae, rickettsiae and some Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, with the latter many strains are resistant.

In bones OTC can accumulate in the form of calcium phosphate complexes that are not antibiotic activity and may affect bone growth. If it is stored in the enamel, it can lead to yellowing.

Oxytetracycline is distributed in most tissues, but no therapeutic level is achieved in the central nervous system. It can cross the placenta. It is excreted in the urine and the feces.

Areas of application

In human medicine OTC can be used systemically in infections of the respiratory tract (sinusitis, bronchitis ), or as ointment for wounds, and infections of the anterior part and the conjunctiva.

In veterinary medicine, OTC is used to treat infectious diseases caused by oxytetracycline - susceptible organisms and is approved for all breeds. The application should always be supported by an antibiogram. Main areas of application are anaplasmosis in swine pneumonia and acute exacerbations of eperythrozoonosis and enzootic abortion in sheep ( Infectious Verlammen ) in cattle. Locally, OTC in infections of the skin are used (eg foot rot ). In cattle OTC can be used locally in the form of foam -coated tablets in the uterus in Nachgeburtsstörungen and an ointment with mastitis. For pigs, the antibiotic is also found in medicated use.

Contraindications

During pregnancy, the agent should not be used. In liver and kidney damage, dose reduction is appropriate.

In case of overdose Oxytetracyklin is highly nephrotoxic and causes kidney failure.

Trade names

Unguentum Oxytetracyclini SR (D), as well as a generic (D)

Corti Biciron (D), oxytetracycline prednisolone eye ointment (D), tetra- Gelomyrtol (D)

Preparation names in veterinary medicine are Aerocyclin (A), Cuxacyclin, Duphacycline (A), Engemycin (A), Medox, Oxipra, Prophylax (A), Terramycin (A), Tetravit (A), Ursocyclin (A), Vanacyclin (A) as well as various generics (A) OTC Blue Spray (D)