Padroado

The Padroado ( Portuguese for patronage ) was an arrangement between the Holy See and the Kingdom of Portugal for missionary newly conquered territory by the Portuguese crown. The basis to the Bull Ad ea ex quibus cultus ( 1319 ), in which the pope confirmed the Order of Christ as the successor to the Portuguese possession of the Knights Templar repealed and introduced him to the jurisdiction of the crown. Under Henry the Navigator, this Order became an important pillar of its policy of expansion.

In a total of 69 papal bulls of the secular and sacred claim the Order of Christ was specified for the conquest and evangelization of non-Christian territories. To name Romanus Pontifex bull priority is to which Portugal granted a trading monopoly on the sea route to India, and the bull Inter caetera in which the ecclesiastical jurisdiction violence from the Cape to India Bojador was transferred to the Order of Christ.

In the bull Dum fidei constantiam ( 1514) the rights of the Portuguese crown were expanded again. So the king was now allowed to occupy the episcopal sees in the conquered territories, however, he was also taken in the duty to evangelize these areas. Through the Bull Inter ceterae or the Treaty of Tordesillas had to this scheme not only to the African and Asian colonies of Portugal, but also to the colonies in South America. In the Bull Pro excellenti praeeminentia ( 1514) territorial jurisdiction of the Order of Christ was lifted over the overseas territories and transferred the newly established Diocese of Funchal in Madeira. 1534 Funchal was raised to the Metropolitan seat, and under him four newly established dioceses. The largest area of ​​church history and most important was the Diocese of Goa, which encompassed the entire territory from the Cape of Good Hope to Japan. However, it was limited from the outset to Portuguese possession, which limited the spiritual impact on Portugal's colonies of other European powers.

In the end, the Padroado seemed rather out to the detriment of the missionary efforts of the Church. Due to the very close involvement of temporal and spiritual power, the mission was less accepted than in the Spanish colonies, in which the Church could act much more independently. Addition, the Portuguese colonies were mostly in more developed regions and were therefore usually more commercial stations with a limited territory as an extensive colonial empire. Also, the political decline of Portugal after the extinction of the dynasty of Aviz in the 16th and 17th centuries led to difficulties in the mission work.

629658
de