Pallas's Fish Eagle
Binding Eagle
The binding Eagle ( Haliaeetus leucoryphus ) is a bird of prey in the family Accipitridae ( Accipitridae ). It is common to waters in South and Central Asia. Due to habitat destruction, food declines and disturbances in the breeding areas as well as destruction of water-related waste wood stocks and an increasing exposure to environmental toxins, the stocks are over. The species is therefore classified by the IUCN as endangered ( "vulnerable ").
Features
The binding eagle is about 2 to 3.7 kg heavy, the wingspan is 180-205 cm. As with many birds of prey, the female is larger than the male. The plumage is uniformly brown in most places, the neck and head, it is golden brown to beige. The only slightly rounded tail is white and is completed by a broad black band. Feet and toes are colored white plaster, the claws black. The young are uniformly brown, the bases of the arms and inner primaries are white. The tail has no white in.
Occurrence
The binding Eagle is widespread in Central and South Asia from Kazakhstan, where it is possibly already extinct, Mongolia and northern China to Pakistan, northern India and Burma. Its habitat is rivers and lakes, which are often situated in drylands. He penetrates even to high levels, and reached in Tibet ranges of up to 5200 meters.
Nutrition
The main food of the binding Eagle are fish that he catches on the water surface without delving deep. In addition, he consumes water birds, rodents, frogs, reptiles and carrion. Occasionally he chases other birds such as the osprey from the prey.
Reproduction
In the southern regions of the distribution area, such as in India, the eggs are laid in October to February in the northern and in the high altitude areas deposits up to three months later. The very large nest consists of twigs and branches, and is usually in a tall tree near water. Occasionally, however, the species breeds on the ground and, especially in the more northerly areas of distribution, on rocky cliffs. Most eggs are 2-3, rarely 4 down that for about 40 days, are incubated primarily by the female. The boys, of which usually only survive a maximum of 2, have a grayish downy feathers. The nestling period during which the young are fed by both parents, at least 70 days in unfavorable climatic conditions they can daueren over three months. About four weeks after leaving the nest the young are independent.
Migration
The populations of the north, where the waters freeze over in winter, pull in cold weather to the south, such as Afghanistan, Iran, and originally also in Iraq. Most likely achieve some also the Indian subcontinent and Burma, where they occur in conjunction with the eagles there resident binding.
Threats and conservation
The binding Eagle was originally much more common. Until the first half of the 20th century the way came as a breeding bird in front of the Caspian Sea, where the last bred in 1947. At the beginning of the last century the nature brooded even in the Crimea. In the former Soviet Union, where he was still common in the 20th century in Kazakhstan, he is also probably extinct as a breeding bird. About the stock situation in Burma, Mongolia and China, little information is available. In Pakistan, the total population was estimated in 1974 to less than 40 pairs, and in Bangladesh, the stocks are also decreased significantly. In India, the species seems to be a bit more frequently. The total population is estimated at 2500 to a maximum of 10,000 individuals.