Palme d'Or
With the Golden Palm ( Palme d'or French ) is the best full-length film will be awarded in the official competition at the annual film festival held in Cannes. It is the most important award of the festival, before the Grand Jury Prize. The motive was, as well as the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival and the Golden Bear at the Berlinale on each city based the case is taken from the coat of arms of Cannes. The winners are determined from a competition jury, usually composed of international filmmakers. Since 2011, another Golden Palm is awarded as a special prize for the life work of filmmakers.
The term Golden Palm exists since 1955, before ( Grand Prix du Festival International du Film or short Grand Prix), the film cost was under the name " Grand Prize of the International Film Festival " known. By 1954, the winners price trophies, which were designed by well-known contemporary artists were given. It was not until the end of 1954 invited the organizing committee on the initiative of Robert Favre Le Bret several jewelers in order to create a style similar to the palm motif prize. It sat by the design of the famous French designer Lucienne Lazon the model for a trophy stand that you gave the first time in the eighth edition of the film festival in 1955 at the American Delbert Mann ( Marty ).
The trophy has been redesigned several times in the history of the film festival and always focused on artistic tastes of the time, was introduced during 1964-1974 for legal reasons the Grand Prix again. The last redesign was told the price in 1997 for the 50th anniversary of the film festival at the suggestion of Caroline Gruosi - Schäufele from Chopard. In filigree work, the designer designed the neunzehnblättrigen palm fronds from 24 -karat gold and put it on a simple, hand -cut solitaire to form a rectangle of rock crystal. The material value of the trophy, which is contained in a casket made of blue Morocco leather, is estimated at 25,000 euros.
Award winners
Best Picture
The most frequently with the top prize in Cannes awarded the works of American film directors (21 wins), followed by their colleagues from France (13) Italy (12) and the UK (9). The two were able to triumph the Swede Alf Sjöberg (1946 and 1951 ), the American Francis Ford Coppola (1974 and 1979 ), Shohei Imamura of Japan (1983 and 1997), the Bosnian- Serbian filmmaker Emir Kusturica (1985 and 1995), the Dane Bille August (1988 and 1992 ), the Belgian brothers Jean -Pierre and Luc Dardenne (1999 and 2005) and the Austrian Michael Haneke (2009 and 2012 ). In addition, the jury in the past as the Chinese Chen Kaige ( Farewell My Concubine ) could not agree on a multiple winning film, such as in 1993, the Palme d'Or with Jane Campion ( The Piano ) announced. The New Zealander and the Danish Bodil Ipsen (1946 honored as co-director of Red meadows with the Grand Prix ) are the only two film directors who have won the main prize at Cannes.
A director from the German cinema was the first time in 1946 successfully, as the last chance of the Swiss Leopold Lindtberg was awarded jointly with ten other productions. He was followed in 1979 and 1984, the German Volker Schlöndorff ( The Tin Drum ) and Wim Wenders (Paris, Texas), during 2009 and 2012, the Austrian Michael Haneke ( The White Ribbon - A German children's story and love) triumphed. 1956 and 2004 were able to prevail with Jacques -Yves Cousteau and Louis Malle's The Silent World or Michael Moore's Fahrenheit 9/11 documentaries.
In the past, the jury had the opportunity to combine the main award with other awards. This happened most recently in 2000, when Dancer in the Dark was also awarded the Best Actor Award for the Icelandic artist Björk next to the Golden Palm. Meanwhile prohibited the regulations that the main prize (as well as the Grand Jury's Prize and the Best Director Award ) can be combined with other awards. This fact has been repeatedly criticized, most recently in 2012, when the jury president Nanni Moretti admitted in the final press conference that he had the winning film Love by Michael Haneke without regulations also awarded the Best Actor and Screenplay Award. A year later, the competition jury, headed by the American director Steven Spielberg about the rules of time and awarded the Golden Palm at Blue is a warm color of Abdellatif Kechiche as well as to the two leading ladies of the film, Léa Seydoux and Adèle Exarchopoulos.
¹ = From 1946 to 1954, from 1964 to 1974 was awarded the Palme d'Or instead of the Grand Prix. ² = 2013 gave the jury the top prize at both the film's director and the two lead actresses Léa Seydoux and Adèle Exarchopoulos.
During the 55th Film Festival in 2002, a retrospective exhibition, the twelve feature films dedicated to who would have the originally planned first edition of the festival in 1939 will be shown, including the following seven in the competition:
A jury consisting of the Israeli Lia Van Leer, the French historian Raymond Chirat, the German Dieter Kosslick, the Italian Alberto Barbera and the Tunisians Férid Boughedir chose chaired by the French writer Jean d' Ormesson Cecil B. DeMille's later film Union Pacific as the best film of the Year 1939, which was awarded a honorary Palme d'Or.
Speedwell
In early April, 2011, the festival director known to impart the Palme also known as speedwell. Since 2011, with a "honor wall" ( French Palme d' honneur ) during the opening ceremony of important filmmakers whose work is considered authoritative, but was never awarded a regular Golden Palm Award. The festival follows the example of the Film Festival of Venice and Berlin, launch such a price since 1970 ( Leone d' Oro alla carriera ) and since 1982 ( Golden Bear ). In 2002 and 2009 Golden palms were awarded honorary to the U.S. directors Woody Allen and Clint Eastwood.