Parapoynx

Parapoynx stratiotata

Parapoynx is a genus of butterflies of the family of Crambiden ( Crambidae ).

Features

On the head of moth ocelli are present. In the males, the underside of the sensor is short- ciliate. Each sensor segment is thickened with scales distally on the top, this thickening is the strongest at the probe tip. The Maxillarpalpen are strong and more or less enlarged by brush-like scales. The labial palps have a moderate beschupptes middle segment and a long, slender, tapered end segment. The trunk is relatively short and is hidden. The spur formula is 0-2-4. An epiphysis is present. On the fore wings the veins R2 to R4 are stalked. M1 originates on the transverse vein closer to R5 than M2, CuP is absent. On the hind wings the vein M1 is cross-connected to the stem of SC R1 RS. In females, the frenulum consists of several bristles. The Valven can be provided with a weakly developed Anellifer, but usually no specializations are pronounced. Only in the non- European species Parapoynx ussuriensis Rebel, 1910 and Parapoynx longialata Yoshiyasu, 1983, a bristly, finger-shaped projection is formed on Costalrand of the blades. The genital armature of the females has a relatively long Oviscapter, a pronounced Colliculum and a highly elongated ductus bursae. On the corpus bursae is a pair of signals, which consists of two parallel, highly sclerotized and different lengths of spots of different intensities. The segments of the caterpillars are provided with groups of branched tracheal gills. The caudal part of the Prothorakalschildes is slightly thickened.

Biology

The caterpillars live aquatic in a shelter, which is made from plant parts in a housing or even completely unprotected. If necessary, the caterpillars can be supplied with oxygen-rich water through oscillating movements of the whole body. They pupate in a waterproof, elongated cocoon. The legs of the doll are somewhat shorter than the abdomen.

Dissemination

The representatives of the genus are found in all Hauptfaunenregionen.

System

The genus includes about 50 species Parapoynx, the type species is Phalaena stratiotata Linnaeus, 1758.

  • Parapoynx andalusica Speidel, 1982 ( Spain, Andalusia, Prov. Huelva, El Rocio )
  • Parapoynx affinalis Guenee, 1854 (India, Assam )
  • Parapoynx allionealis (Walker, 1859) (USA)
  • Parapoynx andreusialis ( Hampson, 1912 (India, Nilgiris )
  • Parapoynx azialis ( Druce, 1896 ( Panama, Chiriqui )
  • Parapoynx badiusalis (Walker, 1859) (Canada)
  • Parapoynx bilinealis ( Snellen, 1876 ( India, Punjab )
  • Parapoynx bipunctalis ( Hampson, 1906) (Nigeria, Sapele )
  • Parapoynx crisonalis (Walker, 1859) (Sri Lanka)
  • Parapoynx dentizonalis ( Hampson, 1897 ) (Australia, Queensland, Cooktown, Cedar Bay)
  • Parapoynx diminutalis Snellen, 1880 (Indonesia, Sulawesi, Makassar )
  • Parapoynx discoloralis (Walker, 1866)
  • Parapoynx distinctalis Snellen, 1875 ( Punto de Ocana aan de Rio maid )
  • Parapoynx effrenatalis Berg, 1876
  • Parapoynx endoralis (Walker, 1859) (Honduras )
  • Parapoynx epimochla ( Turner, 1908)
  • Parapoynx euryscia ( Meyrick, 1885) (Australia)
  • Parapoynx fluctuosalis ( Zeller, 1842) (South Africa, Natal)
  • Parapoynx fregonalis Snellen, 1880 ( Sulawesi, Makassar )
  • Parapoynx fulguralis ( Caradja & Meyrick, 1934) (China, Kwangtung, Guangdong )
  • Parapoynx fusalis ( Hampson, 1896) (India, Nagas )
  • Parapoynx fuscicostalis ( Hampson, 1896) (India, Calcutta)
  • Parapoynx gualbertalis ( Schaus, 1924 ( Suriname, Gelderland)
  • Parapoynx guenealis Snellen, 1875 ( New Granada )
  • Parapoynx indomitalis Berg, 1876
  • Parapoynx ingridae Guillermet, 2004 ( La Réunion, St. Denis River, Les Manguiers )
  • Parapoynx insectalis ( Pryer, 1877)
  • Parapoynx leucostola ( Hampson, 1896 ) (India, Yangon )
  • Parapoynx likiangalis ( Caradja in Caradja & Meyrick, 1937 (China, Likiang )
  • Parapoynx longialata Yoshiyasu, 1983 ( Thailand, Kao Saming, Trad)
  • Parapoynx maculalis ( Clemens, 1860) ( United States, Pennsylvania, Lake Teedyuscong )
  • Parapoynx medusalis (Walker, 1859 ( Australia, Moreton Bay)
  • Parapoynx minoralis ( Mabille, 1881) (Madagascar)
  • Parapoynx nivalis ( Denis & Schiffer Müller, 1775) ( Austria )
  • Parapoynx obscuralis ( Grote, 1881) ( USA, New York)
  • Parapoynx ophiaula ( Meyrick, 1936) ( Belgian Congo, Lulua )
  • Parapoynx panpenealis ( Dyar, 1924) ( Mexico, Mexico City )
  • Parapoynx plumbefuscalis ( Hampson, 1917) (Sudan, Blue Nile )
  • Parapoynx polydectalis (Walker, 1859) (Australia, Moreto Bay)
  • Parapoynx qujingalis Chen, Song & Wu, 2006 ( China, Yunnan, Qujing )
  • Parapoynx rectilinealis Yoshiyasu, 1985
  • Parapoynx seminealis (Walker, 1859) (USA)
  • Parapoynx sinuosa ( T.P.Lucas, 1892 ) (Australia)
  • Parapoynx stagnalis (Zeller, 1852) (South Africa, Natal)
  • Parapoynx stratiotata (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Parapoynx tenebralis ( Lower, 1902) (Australia, Queensland)
  • Parapoynx tullialis (Walker, 1859) (Australia)
  • Parapoynx ussuriensis ( Rebel, 1910) (Russia, Chaborowka, Kazakevich )
  • Parapoynx villidalis (Walker, 1859) (Malaysia, Borneo, Sarawak )
  • Parapoynx vittalis (Bremer, 1864) (Russia, Primorskji Kraj Kengka Lake)
  • Parapoynx zambiensis Agassiz, 2012 ( Zambia Mbala )

From the literature, the following synonyms are known for the genus Parapoynx:

  • Paraponyx Guenee, 1854 ( misspelling )
  • Eustales Clemens, 1860
  • Sironia Clemens, 1860
  • Nymphaeella Grote, 1880
  • Hydreuretis Meyrick, 1885
  • Micro Dracon Warren, 1890
  • Cosmophylla Turner, 1905

Documents

Acentropinae Scale (Lepidopteran anatomy) Aedeagus Sclerotin Pupa#Cocoon
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