Parent education program
A parent education course is an educational program for parents with the aim of strengthening parenting skills. Parenting courses have different approaches and scientific backgrounds. The target group varies between parents of young children and parents of adolescents and parents with or without specific problems.
Some parenting courses are associated with a parent driver's license or driver's license for parents. But this term is no single qualification. It is not, however an obligation, even if the term " license " to the contrary suggests.
The Nikolaus August Otto -Hauptschule in Berlin light field called as the first school in Germany binding Step- parenting classes that are organized by the school itself.
Promotion of parenting classes in Germany
In Germany, the non-violent upbringing in the Civil Code in 2000 with the law banning violence in education anchored ( § 1631 para 2 BGB); at the same time the youth welfare were invited parents ways in which conflict situations in the family can be resolved without violence, and it was granted a financial support of such offers. Even individual federal states have developed their own parenting skills programs. There are also offers for certain family situations, such as for families with migration background and for single parents.
Promoting parent education in Austria
The "Guidelines for the promotion of parent education ", which came into force in 2005, serve the objective to promote, by ensuring qualitative parent education program of non-violent upbringing, to prevent difficulties in everyday parent-child relationship and partnership, while mothers and fathers of all levels of education to reach. Based on these guidelines NPOs can receive financial support for parent education offers.
On special topics also offers for a particular group of people, such as grandparents or step-parents, or education for parents of disabled children or parents can be supported with inter- cultural backgrounds. There is no legal entitlement to a promotion.
Orientations of individual courses for parents
Some of the more popular courses for parents are:
- Gordon Family Training based on the client-centered psychotherapy.
- The Triple P program is based on cognitive- behavioral approaches, such as social learning theory of Albert Bandura and the self-management approach of Frederick Kanfer.
- The parenting skills Strong parents - Strong children of the German Child Protection Agency
- Encouraging Parent Training ( Schoenaker concept)
- Family Team Parent Training
- Family Fun program
- Parents strengths - Dialogic parents Seminars
- Parents AG - The Empowerment Program
- Safe - Secure training for parents
- TAFF training, guidance, and support of families - parents course of the AWO on the Lower Rhine
- Online Parent Training - a free, internet- based anti-stress training for parents ( www.nofamstress.com )
- The parent- Online Training - simply better educate ... A communication training for parents. ( www.eltern - onlinetraining.de )
- EFFECT ® development promotion in families: parents ' and children's training initiated and supported by the Federal Ministry for Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth
Step - Systematic Training for Effective Parenting
The program was developed and published by the psychologist Don Dinkmeyer Sr., Gary D. McKay and Don Jr. Dinkmeyer. The publication has been supplemented by a comprehensive approach to training and dissemination. It is based on Alfred Adler's individual psychology and the work of the psychologist Rudolf Dreikurs and Thomas Gordon. The evaluation of the Step program in Germany took over the Institute to Klaus Hurrelmann. Based on the exchange in the group, empirical exercises, Power Point presentation, videos and role plays recognizing and dealing with misbehavior, encouragement and good communication is learned. It is working with natural and logical consequences. After each evening of 2 hours, the parents will practice learned at home and carry the experience over the next week in the group. This course lasts 10 weeks, and promotes the democratic parenting style.
Strong parents - Strong Children
This parent education course program of the German Child Protection Agency is based on humanistic psychology, systemic family therapy and communication theories.
The target group of the courses are all parents. An emphasis on specific target groups such as single -parent families, reconstituted families or educationally disadvantaged parents, however, is possible and desirable. Likewise, courses for parents of children of certain ages (0-3, school children or children in puberty ) are offered. Special courses and educational professionals, such as educators, socio-educational family aids or teachers can learn the concept of instructional education.
The course program is based on the model of instructional education, which aims to strengthen parents in their parenting skills. By (re ) obtaining parental presence, it should be possible to reduce dirigistisches parents and negativistic parenting behavior and get back to more a more positive and more relaxed view of the children. During the course, parents can try Elterntes as a weekly task and thus include also partner with.
The participants are instructed to become aware of their personal educational goals and values to regain their own self-confidence and to strengthen children's self-confidence and improve their communication with the child. Information on child development psychology allows parents a more relaxed view of childhood problems, and aims to empower parents to accompany children in their exploration and problem-solving behavior and if necessary to support.
With the creation of the accompanying material for the promotion of mental health (2011) were resupplied the previously missing theoretical foundation and added a binding model of instructional education. The vision of instructional education to the needs of children is illustrated by examples from neuroscience and developmental psychology. The material is from the Federal Ministry of Health for free available for download gestellt.https :/ / www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de / service / publications under the title: "Strengthening the mental health of children and adolescents".
Educate Kess
Alfred Adler's individual psychology and its application by Rudolf Dreikurs also form the scientific basis for Kess- educate. " Kess " is the abbreviation for cooperative, encouraging socially and situation-oriented.
The aim of the course is to promote a cooperative, democratic parenting style; to common rules for family life are established and decisions are taken by all in a family council. The course promotes the ability of the participants to understand the basic social needs of a child whose disregard leads to undesirable behavior. Adults and children are considered to be equivalent and the mutual recognition of needs is highlighted. Parents or Educators learn how to develop cooperation, conflict management and the children boundaries by logical consequences to convey. Consistent, encouraging action to promote independence and allow children as much responsibility for themselves to take over.
Participants are situation-oriented guided to act, to offer children choices and to observe positive behavior rather than reacting primarily to negative behavior. This self-esteem and partnership responsible behavior be encouraged. Periods with a special quality of care in which parents give undivided attention to their children and actively listening are called gem moments. Gemstone moments are to give special appreciation to the children.
The course consists of five units:
Safe - Secure training for parents
The program Safe - Secure training for parents is parental education and prevention. It is based on the realization that parents own attachment experiences often pass on to the generation of their children, and that especially the early phases of the parent- child relationship are crucial for the binding ability of the children.
The program begins at about the 20th week of pregnancy and lasts until the end of the first year of life of the child. It aims to develop a secure attachment between parent and child. Parents are thereby strengthened their ability to sensitively respond to the comments and needs of the child. Young parents are encouraged to take to make their relationship with their child from the outset positive. Learn in a series of ten full-day, guided by two mentors group meetings before and after birth and parents to practice dealing with the child. In addition, supplementary individual conversations own attachment experiences are discussed and, where appropriate, taken initial steps to work up their own traumas. To use the Adult Attachment Interview, additional questionnaires and video feedback coming. In addition to support parents is a telephone hotline.
The Safe Program was developed by Karlheinz Brisch and implemented in cooperation with the Bavarian State Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, Family and Women and the State Institute for Early Education.
Effectiveness
The Family Monitor 2006 BMFSFJ is highlighted, citing Klaus Hurrelmann, it is estimated that around a third of fathers and mothers are overwhelmed with the education of their children. Families in which there are difficulties in bringing would hardly achieved by offers of parental and family education. This gap could after Hurrelmann through close cooperation (education partnerships ) between parents and educational institutions, in particular daycare, be bridged.
The same report pointed out that so far only very limited studies on the effectiveness of parent education in general give that contrast perfectly evaluation studies of specific parent courses consist, for example on Strong parents - strong children to effect and Triple P. It 'll hold on that, for example, the program effect was particularly effective if it were to be used as a combination of parent and child programs.