Passifloraceae

Passiflora foetida

The passion flower plants ( Passifloraceae ) are a family of plants within the order of Malpighienartigen ( Malpighiales ). To the family of Passion Flower plants ( Passifloraceae ) today also includes the genera of the former families of Malesherbiaceae and Turneraceae. The members of the family are located worldwide in the tropics and subtropics, with a focus on Africa and the Neotropics.

Description

The species of the subfamily Passifloroideae are woody plants: trees, shrubs and lianas or climbing herbaceous plants. Klimmende species have axillary tendrils. The alternate and spirally arranged leaves are simple or compound. There are extra-floral nectaries on the petioles available. Stipules are often present.

The flowers appear singly in the leaf axils or in few-flowered usually zymösen inflorescences; often with three bracts. The flowers are usually hermaphrodite. If the flowers are unisexual, then the plants are dioecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( dioecious ). The large radial symmetry flowers are three to eight, mostly fünfzählig. The bloom are divided into sepals and petals. Often a Androgynophor is formed. There are five or 20 to 60 stamens present, sometimes only part of it fertile, 15 to 50 can be staminodes, which may be intensely colored. Most three (two to five) carpels are fused into a superior ovaries. Pollination is by insects ( entomophily ).

They form capsule fruits or berries. From some species the berries are eaten or obtained from juice ( passion fruit / passion fruit, granadilla, Barbadine, Curuba ).

System

The family Passifloraceae was under the name " Passifloreae " in 1806 by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu in Roussel: first published Flore du Calvados, 2nd Edition, 2, p 334 and the name of Antoine Laurent de Jussieu Passifloraceae Karl Sigismund Kunth in: Nova genera et species plantarum quas in peregrinatione ad plagam aequinoctialem orbis novi collegerunt Bonpland et Humboldt until 1817. 's type genus Passiflora L..

In APG III, the inclusion of the genera of the former families of Malesherbiaceae and Turneraceae took place in the family of Passifloraceae sl Synonyms for Passifloraceae Juss. ex Roussel are: Malesherbiaceae D.Don, Modeccaceae Horan, Paropsiaceae Dumort, Turneraceae Kunth ex DC. ..

The Passifloraceae family is now divided into three subfamilies with a total of about 27 genera:

  • Subfamily Passifloroideae Burnett: It is divided into two tribes and contains a total of 16 genera with about 705 species: Tribus Paropsieae: They are mainly used in Africa for about six genera: Androsiphonia Stapf: it contains only one type: Androsiphonia adenostegia Stapf: It occurs in tropical Africa.
  • Viridivia suberosa J.H.Hemsl. & Verdc. It occurs in tropical Africa.
  • Adenia Forssk. Ranging from 95 to 100 species are mostly East African succulent plant.
  • Ancistrothyrsus Harms: it contains only two species in South America.
  • Basananthe Peyr. Contains about 37 species.
  • Crossostemma Planch. ex Benth. contains only one type: Crossostemma laurifolium Planch. ex Benth. It occurs in tropical Africa.
  • Mitostemma glaziovii mast. It occurs in Brazil.
  • Bad Erina mitostemmatoides Harms: It occurs in southern Africa.
  • Subfamily Malesherbioideae Burnett ( Syn: Malesherbiaceae D.Don ): it contains only one genus: Malesherbia Ruiz & Pav ( Syn: Gynopleura Cav. ): With about 24 to 27 species in South America only in the Andes.
  • Subfamily Turneroideae Eaton ( Syn: Piriquetaceae Martynov, Turneraceae DC. ): It contains about ten genera with about 200 species. Most species occur in the New World, but the greatest diversity of species there are in the Old World: Arboa Thulin & Razafim. It was in 2012 reorganized. The four species are found only in Madagascar.
  • Adenoa Arbo: it contains only one type: Adenoa cubensis ( Britton & B.Wilson ) Arbo: The chromosome number is 2n = 14 It occurs only in southeastern Cuba.
  • Afroqueta capensis ( Harv. ) Thulin & Razafim. ( Syn: Turnera capensis Harv, Piriqueta capensis ( Harv. ) Urb.. ): It occurs in the south - central and southern Africa.
  • Hyalocalyx Setifer Rolfe: It occurs in the southeastern tropical Africa and Madagascar.
  • Loewia glutinosa Urb. It occurs in the northeastern tropical Africa.
  • Mathurina penduliflora Balf. f: This endemic species occurs on the belonging to the Mascarene island of Rodrigues.

Swell

  • The family Passifloraceae S. L. in APWebsite. (Section Description and systematics)
  • Description of the family Passifloraceae s.str. DELTA L. Watson and MJ Dallwitz still in the old scale. (English )
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