Paul Joseph Barthez
Paul Joseph Barthez de de Marmorières (* December 11, 1734 in Montpellier, † October 15th 1806 in Paris) was a French physician and encyclopedist.
Life and work
Paul Joseph was the son of bridges and road construction engineer, Ingénieur des ponts et chaussées Guillaume de Barthez de Marmorières. Be father was married to Marie Rey from the February 28, 1734 in Montpellier. Paul Joseph Barthez had four brothers Antoine (1736-1811), Jacques (1741-1813), Pierre (1747-1811) and Guillaume de de Marmorières Barthez ( 1755-1817 ). Together with his father both were later involved as Encyclopaedists with their contributions to the Encyclopédie of Denis Diderot.
On October 30, 1750, he enrolled at the Université de Médicine de Montpellier, his baccalauréat (see also Bachelor ) he gained there on February 13, 1753, his license on July 1753 and his doctorate on August 3, 1753 16. Aged of nineteen he received his doctorate in medical faculty of Montpellier, then spent several years Barthez in Paris, where he made friends with Jean -Baptiste le Rond d' Alembert and of the intellectual circles in the French capital was. In 1755 he participated as a field doctor in the clashes during the Seven Years' War, in part, fell ill with typhoid fever and returned to Paris. In 1757, working with at the Encyclopédie and the Journal des savants.
In the period from 1761 to 1778, he was appointed professor of physiology in Montpellier and then also took over the function of the Registrar. From 1781 he was physician to the Duke of Orléans, he became the regimental surgeon of the Dragoons and a member of the State Council, médecin- chef de tous les Regiment de dragons et conseiller d'État. Also a member of the Academy of Sciences in Paris, he was appointed. In 1785 he became Chancellor of the University of Paris. From 1789 he moved his center of life again to Montpellier.
Barthez is considered next Théophile de Bordeu as co-founder of French vitalism in the school of Montpellier, Doctrine médicale de l' École de Montpellier. He led the unity of the organism on a universal principle of life back, that by " sympathy " holds together the different parts of the body: the " forces radicales " ( ground forces) decide on the state of the organism, and the " forces agissantes " (Part forces) have the functions of the various institutions.
Works (selection)
- Oratio Academica de Principio Vitali Hominis, 1772
- Nouveaux éléments de la science de l' homme, 1773