Pavel Kroupa

Pavel Kroupa (born 24 September 1963 Jindřichův Hradec, Czechoslovakia) is an Australian astrophysicist and professor at the Rheinische Friedrich- Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.

Life and career

Kroupa family fled after the failure of the Prague Spring in 1968 from the Czech Republic; subsequently Kroupa grew up in Germany and South Africa. He earned a high school in 1983 in Göttingen, and then studied physics at the University of Western Australia in Perth. In 1988, he won the Isaac Newton Fellowship from the University of Cambridge in 1992 and a Senior Rouse Ball Research Fellowship at Trinity College ( Cambridge ) and a PhD in England until 1992 on the distribution of low-mass stars in the Milky Way. Then Kroupa worked until 2000 in astronomical research groups of the Ruprecht -Karls- University of Heidelberg and at the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, before he was habilitated at the Christian -Albrechts -University of Kiel and received a Heisenberg fellowship. In April 2004 he was appointed professor at the Observatory of the University of Bonn, which is a division of the Argelander Institute for Astronomy today. He was honored in 2007 by a Swinburne University Visiting Professorship in Melbourne and by a Leverhulme Trust Visiting Professorship at the University of Sheffield.

Pavel Kroupa is married and has one child.

Kroupa directs the research group Stellar populations and Dynamics at the University of Bonn. His research began Kroupa 1987 in Australia with an investigation of erdnahsten star, Proxima Centauri, at.

Kroupa is known for his work on the distribution of stellar masses and has in Cambridge 1990-1992 by the inclusion of binary stars and detailed calculations of stellar structure which today commonly used canonical IMF ( Initial Mass Function ) will be derived, which describes the distribution of stellar masses at their birth. Together with Carsten Weidner he suggested in 2004 in Kiel, the existence of a physical maximum stellar mass of about 150 solar masses. In Heidelberg he has 1993-1995 the first stellar -dynamical calculations of star clusters in which all stars are born as a double star, presented and thus solved the problem that field populations a much lower rate than binary star formation regions. He has the theory of pre- main-sequence evolution self- formulated and applied mathematics of double stars, established the method of dynamic population synthesis and predicted the existence of forbidden double stars. The idea that brown dwarfs and extrasolar planetary systems arise in circumstellar disks when they are disturbed by flying past stars in young star clusters, he suggested, in collaboration with Ingo Thies and Christian Theis 2003-2004 before in Kiel.

In Kiel he also has the concept that the star formation in galaxies in populations of star clusters, formulated theoretically. With this he was able in 2002 to explain the observed heating of the disk of the Milky Way and formulate with Carsten Weidner the " IGIMF Theory". Together with Jan Pflamm -Altenburg he could show in Bonn in 2008, that follows from the IGIMF theory that disk galaxies have a radial star formation law, alleging that star formation density is proportional to the radial gas density. The IGIMF theory also implies that the star formation rates of galaxies zwergirregulären are proportional to their masses of gas and must be corrected to significantly higher values. This inevitably results in the mass - metallicity relation of galaxies.

Kroupa has also performed in Heidelberg 1997, the first accurate measurement of the spatial motion of two extragalactic systems with Ulrich Bastian. In 1997, he has also found stellardynamische solutions to the satellite galaxies of the Milky Way, which do not require dark matter component. His works imply a possible association of satellite galaxies with the bulge of the Milky Way. This relationship can be explained by a collision of the early Milky Way with another young galaxy. Since 2010, Kroupa increasingly preoccupied with cosmology. While the cosmological standard model offers no unique solution for the background radiation and the large-scale structure formation, he sees it through the available data on 10 - Mpc scales and also as already falsified.

Publications

  • Binary systems, star clusters and the galactic- field population: applied stellar dynamics. Kiel, 2002
  • The initial mass function of stars: evidence for uniformity in variable systems. Volume 295, Issue 5552 of Science Weekly, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2002

Papers

  • P. Kroupa, R. R. Burman, D. G. Blair, " Photometric observations of flares on Proxima Centauri ", PASA 8, 119 (1989).
  • P. Kroupa, "Inverse dynamical population synthesis and star formation", MNRAS 277, 1491 (1995).
  • P. Kroupa, "The dynamical properties of stellar systems in the Galactic disc", MNRAS 277, 1507 (1995).
  • I. Thies, P. Kroupa, C. Theis, " Induced planet formation in stellar clusters: a parameter study of star -disc encounters ", MNRAS 364, 961 ( 2005).
  • I. Thies, P. Kroupa, S. P. Goodwin et al., " Tidally Induced Brown Dwarf and Planet Formation in Circumstellar Disks ," ApJ 717, 577 (2010).
  • P. Kroupa, " Thickening of galactic disks through clustered star formation", MNRAS 330, 707 ( 2002).
  • J. Pflamm -Altenburg, P.Kroupa, " Clustered star formation as a natural explanation for the Hα cut-off in disk galaxies", Nature 455, 641 ( 2008).
  • J. Köppen, C. Weidner, P. Kroupa, "A possible origin of the mass- metallicity relation of galaxies", MNRAS 375, 673 ( 2007).
  • S. Recchi, F. Calura, P. Kroupa, "The chemical evolution of galaxies within the IGIMF theory: the [ α / Fe] ratios and downsizing", A & A 499, 711 ( 2009).
  • P. Kroupa, U. Bastian, "The Hipparcos proper motion of the Magellanic Clouds", Neva 2, 77 (1997).
  • P. Kroupa, " Dwarf spheroidal satellite galaxies without dark matter ," Neva 2,139 (1997).
  • P. Kroupa, B. Famaey, K.S. de Boer, J. Dabringhausen, M. Pawlowski, C. M. Boily, H. Jerjen, D. Forbes, G. Hensler, M. Metz, "Local - Group tests of dark- matter concordance cosmology. Towards a new paradigm for structure formation", A & A 523, 32 (2010).

Weblink

  • Pavel Kroupa on the website of the Argelander Institute for Astronomy
  • Astrophysicist
  • University teachers ( Rheinische Friedrich- Wilhelms-Universität Bonn)
  • Australian
  • Born in 1963
  • Man
September 24 Astrophysics
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