Pelbartus Ladislaus of Temesvár

Pelbart of Timisoara (Latin Pelbartus Ladislai de Timisoara, Hungarian Temesvári Pelbárt, rum Pelbartus de Timisoara. ) (* 1435 in Temesvár; † January 22, 1504 in Buda ) was a Franciscan friar, preacher and author of Bible commentaries and extensive collections of sermons in late medieval Kingdom of Hungary. He wrote as it was in monasteries and among scholars still common in Latin, its from 1498 printed in subsequent editions quickly works were known in Hungary and Europe. The well after his death, published in Latin and also in Hungarian Übertsetzung numerous editions of his works then included long time to the "classics of the sermon literature." Pelbarts writings are still a scientifically significant source to the Hungarian literature of the late Middle Ages.

Curriculum vitae

Pelbart was about 1435 in Temesvár, then part of the Kingdom of Hungary, was born. He wrote with the Latin spelling of his name as Pelbartus Ladislai de Timisoara 1458 at the University of Cracow, where he took in 1463 the theology examination. After further studies, he became master of theology and then left well 1471 Krakow. It is 1483 in documents to the Franciscan community in Buda, the capital of the kingdom, above, where he taught the Sentences of Peter Lombard and exegesis of the Old and New Testaments. This year also saw the publication of his sermons began in Latin and in his first work Stellarium Mariae Virginis Coronae he puts in sermons on Marian feasts in twelve books with a total of about 300 sermon templates, among other things, the number symbolism of the Book of Revelation from. Next he then wrote a commentary on the Psalms, as well as an extensive collection of sermons more, Sermons, with more than 500 other sermon templates. His works were very popular and were printed from 1498 in rapid succession in each of several editions in the early printing process before first all in Haguenau in the Alsace.

Pelbart died in 1504 in Buda as a respected preacher and author. Sacrae Theologiae Rosarium aureum, his last work, was completed by his pupil Oswald of Lasko.

Into Hungarian transmitted editions of Pelbatts works were published from 1510. It is to assume that also Pelbarts native Hungarian, was, as found in his Latin texts frequently bodies whose structure can be attributed to that language. His father's name could have been Ladislaus. Pelbarts exact life data, and to place him deed records, however, can not always be interpreted unambiguously

Style and meaning

Pelbart wrote vivid and descriptive texts, which emphasize with numerous quotations from the Bible and ancient literature of their scholastic statements. In the texts but also legends and lore from the Hungarian folklore and instructive short stories are included. Furthermore, there Pelbart its readership regarding construction and a captivating lecture sermon, in which he points to the need to respect the lecturer prior knowledge of the audience and to select appropriate short and simple examples of quotes and legends. He occupied his rhetorical proposals with references to comparable statements of ancient writers such as Cicero. Pelbart makes these references to antiquity mainly still in a medieval way of thinking and his preaching style is based certainly on a church theatrics of this period, also found in him a figurative language and Volsknähe, the members of his order at that time often excelled and made popular. Yet even rudimentary thinking of Renaissance humanism can also be seen at Pelbart what can possibly explain the long-lasting popularity of his sermons partially. Also Pelbarts plant and distribution in print form is an example of that at the time Pelbarts under the influence of the Hungarian Queen Beatrix of Aragon in Hungary, a center of the Renaissance emerge and could spread thoughts of the new era. The pan-European nature of Pelbarts works was first recognized by foreign publishers and then executed their pressure due to lack of capacity in Hungary and abroad.

Pelbarts work influenced other immediately following Hungarian authors writing, which sometimes took over parts of it; Pelbarts works were widely known. At the beginning of the 17th century was highlighted as an important scholar and Schriftstleller the Hungarian historian Miklós Istvanffy Pelbart. Both the Latin as well as from 1510 printed Hungarian translations of the works make Pelbart today an important representative of the Hungarian literature of the late Middle Ages.

Works

• Stellarium Coronae Beata Virginis ( sermon texts for Marian feasts ) Beata Mariae Virginis Stellarium Coronae. Haguenau 1498 ( Digitized edition of the University and State Library Dusseldorf ) two more editions

• Exposure compendiosa et Mysticum Complectens Libri Psalmorum, Strasbourg, 1487, Haguenau in 1504 and 1513

• Sermones de tempore Pomerii I. ( Pars hiemalis ). Haguenau 1498
• Sermones de tempore Pomerii II ( Pars Paschalis ] ). Haguenau 1498
• Sermones de Sanctis Pomerii I. ( Pars hiemalis ). Haguenau 1499
• Sermones de Sanctis Pomerii II ( pars aestivalis ). Haguenau 1499
• Sermons Pomerii quadragesimales ( de vitiis ). Haguenau 1499
• Sermons Pomerii quadragesimales ( de praeceptis Decalogi ). Haguenau 1499 The first editions of the sermons in Haguenau was soon followed by many other editions and revisions in other places

• Sacrae Theologiae Aureum Rosarium iuxta Quattuor Sentences Libros Aureum Sacrae Theologiae Rosarium (Book 1). Haguenau 1503
• Secundus liber Rosarii theologiae. Haguenau 1504
• Tertius liber Rosarii theologiae. Haguenau 1507
• Quartus liber Rosarii aurei. Haguenau in 1508 ( with Osualdus de Lasko ) The first editions of the Aureum Sacrae Theologiae Rosarium followed by other issues, among others, in Venice in 1586 and 1589