Pelvis

The pelvis ( pelvis ) is in land vertebrates, the body portion below the stomach and above the legs in quadrupedal mammals, the part between the belly and tail. A distinction in humans between a large and a small basin ( pelvis major and minor pelvis ). The large pool is situated between the two iliac wings above the pelvic inlet line ( linea terminalis ) and actually belongs to the abdomen.

At the same time the bony part of the body portion is meant by the term " pool ". The bony pelvis consists of the two hip bones ( hip bones ). It, together with the sacrum ( os sacrum ) the pelvic girdle or pelvic girdle ( cingulum membri pelvini ). In mammals ( including humans ) from the lower pelvis to the spine is over the sacroiliac joint articulated, but not very mobile, connected. Due to its strength and stability of the pelvic girdle gives the human body a safe position and an upright posture. In animals, it ensures that the hind limbs are firmly anchored to the hull and the feed produced by them is effectively transferred to the body. It also surrounds the pelvic cavity.

Hip bone (os coxae )

Both hip bones consist of three parts each:

These three bones fuse in humans at about the age of 15 in the area of the acetabulum to the now unified hipbone.

Both hip bones are the sacrum -iliac joint ( articulatio sacroiliaca ) connected to the sacrum. This joint is a amphiarthrosis, so a tight joint, which can perform movements hardly, but the suspension of the spine is of great importance. At the front, the two hip bones have a cartilaginous connection via the pubic symphysis ( pubic symphysis ). In animals, the connection is between the two hip bones at the bottom and closes pubic and ischial one ( pelvic symphysis ).

Meet all three hip bones in the hip joint socket ( acetabulum ) together, which forms the hip joint with the head of the femur.

Sex differences in the bony pelvis

The female and male pelvis differ significantly. While in women the two iliac wings are cantilevered and the obturator foramen ( obturator foramen ) has a more triangular shape, the male pelvis is high, narrow and tight. Also the pelvic outlet is wider in the female pelvis and the angle of the pubic symphysis ( pubic Angulus ) is the female pelvis is larger than 90 °, while it is less than 90 ° in the male pelvis. In anatomy and obstetrics standardized Conjugata ( lateral view ) and Diameter ( superior view or caudal ) are used to describe the shape of pool.