Penal colony

Penal colonies (from " punishment" and " colony " ) - also known as convict colonies and criminals - are labor camps in remote areas where prisoners serve their sentence. In the 18th and 19th centuries it has many penal colonies founded by their mother country far away, such as in Siberia, and especially on small islands to impede the escape of prisoners or to make unattractive.

Australia

Very famous is the British penal colony in Australia, where a total of 134,000 prisoners were exiled. Penal colonies (1788-1857) were first Sydney and later New South Wales, Norfolk Iceland, Tasmania and Western Australia only a short time.

Siberia

In pre-Soviet Russia and Soviet times many forced laborers worked in prison camps in the mines of Siberia - that were resolved, for example, on the Kolyma and Tscherskigebirge until about 1990. Often there were less criminals rather than political prisoners and prisoners of war who were brought there. The first so-called deportations began in 1754 with references from actual offenders.