Pentane

• Pentane
• Amylhydrid
• R601

Colorless, almost odorless liquid

Liquid

0.63 g · cm -3 ( 20 ° C)

-130 ° C

36 ° C.

562 hPa ( 20 ° C)

Very poor in water (40 mg · l-1 at 20 ° C)

1,358

Risk

1000 ml · m-3, 3000 mg · m-3

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

N- Pentane is a colorless liquid with the chemical formula C5H12 and is one of the alkanes. The name " pentane " is derived from the five bonded carbon atoms from ( penta, Greek: "five" ). It is the linear representatives of the three structural isomers of pentane (n- pentane, isopentane, and neopentane ).

Production and representation

Pentanes are found in natural gas, cracked gases and gasolines and may be recovered therefrom by distillation. They are part of petroleum ether.

Properties

Pentane is a colorless, Petrol-like smelling liquid. It is non-polar, and thus, for example, hardly soluble in water, but soluble in most organic solvents. The solubility in water is 40 mg / l (20 ° C).

The compound is a number of other solvent azeotropically boiling mixtures. The azeotropic compositions and boiling points are given in the following table. No azeotropes are formed using cyclohexane, n-hexane, n-heptane, toluene, benzene, n-propanol, n-butanol, i- butanol, 2 -butanol, chloroform, THF, and acetic acid.

The highly flammable liquid is very volatile and vaporizes at room temperature. Here, explosive gas mixtures may be formed with the air (see experiments with mineral spirits ). The flash point of n-pentane is -49 ° C, the ignition temperature at 309 ° C. The vapors are heavier than air and spread along ground. Inhalation of vapors has an anesthetic in high concentrations, it may include dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea and heart palpitations occur.

Use

It is now often used as a CFC-free refrigerants ( R601 ) in refrigerators and air conditioners, as a solvent and the foaming of the rigid polyurethane foam, phenolic resin, and polystyrene.