Perfective aspect

The perfective aspect - often perfektivischer aspect or simply as Perfective - is a verbal aspect, the actions, conditions and events as complete, unique, straightforward and marked self-contained. In contrast, the imperfective aspect.

The Germanic languages ​​once had an imperfective - perfective system. In Old High German, about the Prefix - gi, the forerunner of the ge - participle prefix existed. It emphasized the perfective aspect of verbs.

In Hungarian, the perfective aspect is expressed by the meg - Verbalpräfix. This is the most common Verbalpräfix the Hungarian language. Examples:

  • Megtalál - find ( after searching )
  • Megszólal - begin to speak ( the perfective expresses here the beginning of a plot of; szólal means speak )

In today's colloquial NHG can duplicate Perfect formations ' as " Michael Stich had already won at Wimbledon " are interpreted as perfective ( cf. Rödel 2007). For the Russian Comrie leads (1996 ) the set of " On umiral ( di imperfective ), No ne umer ( di perfective ) ", with the following translation: He was dying ( imperfective ), died ( perfective ) but not.

In the Chinese language了' le ' is used to indicate that an action is complete.

Swell

  • Bernard Comrie: Language and languages: universals and typology, in: Long / Zifonun: German - typological, Berlin / New York 1996.
  • Helmut Glück ( ed.): Metzler Lexikon Sprache, Stuttgart / Weimar 2005.
  • Michael Rödel: Double Perfect training and the organization of tense in German, Tübingen 2007.

Aorist · Habituativ / In habitat · · perfective imperfective · · continuative in the perfect

  • Word form
Grammatical aspect
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