Phallomycetidae

Common Stinkhorn ( Phallus impudicus )

The Phallomycetidae is a subclass of Agaricomycetes and includes many different forms as the Stinkhorn, pig ears or the Erdsterne.

Features

Macroscopic characteristics

The fruiting bodies can be buried truffle similar to or formed above ground. They grow singly or in clusters, and have very different forms: They grow resupinat, sekotioid, effuso - reflex, hat-shaped, spiral, funnel-shaped, korallenformig, club shaped, star-shaped, or with a single or branched receptacle which arises from an Hexenei. Often striking rhizomorph at the base of the fruiting bodies, which sometimes can form dense Hyphenmatten. The fruit layer ( hymenium ) is sometimes blue by iron sulfate. The gleba of gasteroiden types may be slimy, cartilaginous or powdery at maturity with a gray to green, olive, ( cinnamon ) brown or black color.

Microscopic characteristics

The spores are formed either on a fruit layer or within the Gleba, they are sometimes hurled active ( ballistospor ). You can also spherical, elliptical, oblong, cylindrical, fusiform, smooth, warty, spiny be formed. They are hyaline to brown and often cyanophil.

Ecology

Due to the various forms of the ecological lifestyle is very diverse. Many species live in a wide variety saprob ecosystems, but there are also Ektomycorrhiza known.

System

The subclass corresponds to Kirk et al. Phallales described in the " Dictionary of the fungi " or the " gomphoid - phalloid " clade at Hibbett and Thorn ( 2001). The name Phallomycetidae already used Locquin (1984 ), but without Latin diagnosis, therefore it has been described by K. Hosaka valid, Castellano & Spatafora until 2006. The subclass consists of four systems, the type of order are the Stinkmorchelartigen:

  • Order Erdsternartige - Geastrales
  • Order pig's ear -like - Gomphales
  • Order tail truffle -like - Hysterangiales
  • Order Stinkmorchelartige - Phallales

Swell

Kentaro Hosaka, Scott T. Bates, Ross E. Beever, Michael A. Castellano, Wesley Colgan III, Laura S. Domínguez, Eduardo R. Nouhra, József Geml, Admir J. Giachini, S. Ray Kenney, Nicholas B. Simpson, Joseph W. Spatafora, James M. Trappe: Molecular phylogenetics of the gomphoid - phalloid with fungi on establishment of the new subclass Phallomycetidae and two new orders. In: Mycologia. 98, No. 6, Lawrence ( USA) 2006, pp. 949-959, doi: 10.3852/mycologia.98.6.949 (PDF, 3.47 MB).

Dikarya Agaricomycotina Digital Object Identifier
646361
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