Phonetic transcription
In linguistics (especially conversational and discourse analysis, language acquisition, dialectology ) is meant by the Verschriftung transcription of conversations according to certain rules to carry out scientific analysis.
Unlike a simple " transcript " of a conversation, as it is carried out, for example, for a journalistic interview or during police interrogations, the challenge of scientific transcription mainly consists of orality phenomena (such as "Into the Word Fallen", slurring, omissions, intonation, volume, etc. ) must be considered in a systematic way. Here are often precision on the one hand and clarity ( " readability " ) on the other hand, conflicting requirements on a transcription, between which a compromise has to be found. The methodological literature is unanimous that this compromise can be meaningful only searched depending on the study objective and the underlying linguistic theory. One speaks in this context of " Transcription as theory" ( Ochs 1979).
In cases of specific goals and linguistic theories now have established conventions that are generally accepted in the relevant scientific community. Examples of such transcription systems are
- GAT = -call analytic transcription system ( Selting et al., 1998 )
- HIAT = semi - interpretive labor transcription ( Ehlich / Rehbein in 1976 and Rehbein et al. 2004)
- CHAT = Codes for the Human Analysis of Transcripts ( MacWhinney 2000)
Because scientific transcription is a complex process, it is now the rule to use for transcribing the computer: Specialized software simplifies the frequent correction operations, navigating in the uptake and adherence to formal rules transcription; the resulting digital transcription files can be easily and inexpensively copied and distributed; and last but not least, the computer evaluating large volumes of transcriptions (called corpora ) simplifies considerably. Computer-aided transcription brings new opportunities and challenges that have been gauged in the affected science only partially.