Physical security
Property protection is to ensure the safety of objects through the surveillance. It aims to prevent the impairment of the function, the destruction or seizure of an object by troublemakers, criminals or enemies. Here is the usability and functionality of the object are retained. As a service by private companies guarding of objects is also called Separately guard.
Basics
The object protection is carried out by the military, the police and security services. Be managed by the State ( usually military), economic and privately used objects ( residences, housing estates ( "housing areas" ) ). Protected objects can be: buildings, equipment ( such as ammunition storage or KKWe ) or large vehicles of any kind ( warships ). Also, cash in transit and Castor transports are among the objects in the sense of physical protection.
Occasion for a property protection are concrete evidence or an abstract threat assessment. After the events of September 11, 2001 all diplomatic missions of the United States of America are considered endangered.
Property protection is mainly achieved by the following measures:
- Patrolling
- Surveillance
- Preflight (eg roadblock )
- Positions
- Inlet control
- Identity findings ( possibly with files matching)
- Searches of persons or things (vehicles, carry-on items )
The patrolling is normally carried out by uniformed property protection forces. The nature and the temporal presence of the guard may be modulated depending on the situation. Property protection include structural and technical facilities and devices such as barrier, roadblock, video surveillance and bulletproof glass: a total of all measures of the technical system backup.
For monitoring the guard guard control systems can be used. In this case, the control points are provided at various points of the object to be protected. The guard leads a hand-held device with them, which recognizes the checkpoint and this saves along with the time. Thus it can be found at the checkpoint later, the presence of the Guardian.
Property protection in Germany
Legal basis in the civilian sector
The object protection by leading security guards have no special legal powers. For this activity, the guard takes on the role of ownership servant. He exerts on behalf of the customer from the house right. In order to enforce it is the to in § 859 of the BGB enshrined right to self-help.
The guards need a watch permits for their activities. This is issued by regulatory agencies or district administration offices after considering the conditions.
Property protection in the military
In the Bundeswehr property protection does not only fall within the remit of the army. The Air Force has in service area property protection with the object protection Regiment " Frisia " as well as the Marine with the Marine Protection Force this through specialized associations. The armed forces base contributes by the Military Police and by regional security and support forces for military protection and.
Protection of federal bodies by the Federal Police
The Federal Police Guard in consultation with the states of Berlin and Baden- Württemberg, the vulnerable from the police perspective Constitution, federal agencies as well as federal ministries against faults and hazards that could affect the implementation of their tasks.
These are as follows:
- Bundespräsidialamt
- Federal Chancellery ( Germany )
- Department of State
- Federal Ministry of the Interior
- Federal Ministry of Justice
- Federal Constitutional Court in Karlsruhe
The protective measures include, inter alia, where:
- Controlling pedestrian and vehicle traffic
- Defense against potential hazards with strips presence