Picea schrenkiana

Schrenk's Spruce ( Picea schrenkiana )

Schrenk's Spruce ( Picea schrenkiana ), and Tien- Shan spruce, is a species in the family (Pinaceae ). It is native to the mountains of Central Asia.

Description

Schrenk spruce grows as a evergreen tree that can reach heights of growth of up to 60 meters and diameter at breast height of up to 2 meters. The crown is cylindrical or substantially pyramid-shaped. The dull brown Stammborke flakes in thick pieces. The hairy or hairless bark of the hanging branches is initially yellow to yellowish- gray and turns up in the second year towards dark gray.

The brownish- yellow winter buds are conical to ovoid and slightly resinous. The straight or slightly curved needles are linear - square shaped with a length of 2 to 3.5 inches and a width of approximately 0.15 inches and have a wide - diamond-shaped cross-section. Your tip is pointed. On the needle top, there are four to six and on the needle base five to eight Stomatalinien.

Schrenk spruce is monoecious - getrenntgeschlechtig ( monoecious ) and the flowering season extends from May to June. The pins are elliptical cylindrical shape with a length of from 6 to 11.3 cm and a thickness of 2.5 to 3.5 centimeters to cylindrical. They are initially colored green or purple and discolored to mature in September or October through brown and can have a purple tint. The seed scales have a rounded tip, are triangular to obovate and 1.2 to 2 inches long and 1 to 1.8 inches wide. The elliptical seeds are 3-4 mm long and have an inverted egg-shaped wings, which is 12 to 13 millimeters long.

Distribution and location

The natural range of Schrenk's Spruce is located in the Tian Shan Mountains. It extends there from the Chinese province of Xinjiang to Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. In Kyrgyzstan, one finds the way in the mountains around the river Naryn. Indeed, there are also isolated occurrences in the Pamir Mountains and southern Xinjiang.

Schrenk spruce grows at altitudes 1200-3500 meters. The species grows mainly in mountains, along ravines and on north-facing slopes.

Picea schrenkiana is classified as " not at risk " in the IUCN Red List. It is noted, however, that a re-examination of risk is necessary.

Use

The wood of Schrenk's spruce is used as construction wood for the manufacture of aircraft, equipment and masts and for the production of pulp. From the bark tannins are obtained. Furthermore, the species is planted as ornamental tree and for restoration of forests.

System

Picea schrenkiana is within the genre of spruce (Picea ) the subgenus Picea, Picea section, the subsection Picea and serial Smithianai assigned.

The first description as Picea schrenkiana in 1842 by Friedrich Ernst Ludwig von Fischer and Carl Anton von Meyer in Bulletin de l' Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg, Volume 10, page 253 synonyms for Picea schrenkiana fish. & C. A. Mey. are Abies schrenkiana ( Fisch. & CA Mey. ) Lindl. & Gord. and Picea obovata var schrenkiana ( Fisch. & CA Mey. ) Carrière.

The species is divided in to two sub- types:

  • Picea schrenkiana subsp. schrenkiana is the nominate
  • Picea schrenkiana subsp. schrenkiana ( Rupr. ) Bykov is in the mountains around the river Naryn in Kyrgyzstan before. A synonym is Picea tianschanica Rupr ..

Swell

  • Christopher J. Earle: Picea schrenkiana. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, November 28, 2012, accessed on 30 May 2013 ( English).
  • Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Thomas S. Elias & Robert R. Mill: Pinaceae. Picea. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan (eds.): Flora of China. Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Volume 4, Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis in 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3, Picea schrenkiana, p.27 ( this printed work is the same text online, Picea schrenkiana - Online).
Karakol Naryn River
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