Picrodendraceae

Tetracoccus dioicus, male flowers and fruit

The Picrodendraceae is a family of the order Malpighienartigen ( Malpighiales ). It is close to the spurge family ( Euphorbiaceae ), to which it was previously counted and is very little research.

Description

The leaves are spirally against constantly and are simple or palmately compound and either entire or with serrated margins. Stipules may be present, they are right at the stems and are stalked.

The unisexual flowers are triple. Sepals are missing. A likely serving as a nectary disk is usually available.

The perianth is usually ternate (rarely cruciform, sometimes up to nine or even dreizehnzählig ) in one or two circles. Female flowers are usually completely threes. The gynoecium is mostly ternate, rarely bidentate and sometimes variable within the genera two to fünfzählig. The scars are pronounced and usually simple, they can also be dry.

Each carpel contains two ovules with a strongly pronounced nucellus, which are covered by a large obturator. The nucellus, at its outermost end a multi-layer fabric, and is extended, the extension ranges in or on the micropyle zoom. This is formed by the inner and the outer integument, the inner is usually thicker than the outer.

The fruits are exploded fruits, the seeds have a Samenschwiele on.

Dissemination

The family is widespread tropical, strongly represented in Australia (including New Guinea and New Caledonia), the Americas and Africa ( with Madagascar).

System

The family includes about 28 genera with about 100 species and was spun off in the course of molecular genetic results from the previous subfamily Oldfieldioideae the family of Euphorbiaceae ( Euphorbiaceae ).

The flower structure also points such as molecular genetic studies indicate a close relationship of the family to the Phyllanthaceae and the spurge in the modern sense.

The genera are:

• Androstachys Prain: it contains only one type: Androstachys johnsonii Prain: It occurs in southern Africa and in Madagascar.

• Hyaenanche globosa ( Gaertn. ) Lamb. & Vahl: This endemic species occurs only in the northern Gifberg Bokkeveld Escarpment south of Vanrhynsdorp in the northern part of the Western Cape before.

• Kairothamnus phyllanthoides ( Airy Shaw) Airy Shaw: It occurs only in New Guinea.

• Longetia buxoides Baill. It occurs only in New Caledonia.

• Mischodon zeylanicus Thwaites: It occurs in Sri Lanka, South India and the Andaman Islands.

• Neoroepera buxifolia Müll.Arg. It comes in before in Queensland.

• Parodiodendron marginivillosum ( Speg. ) Hunz. It occurs in Bolivia and Argentina.

• Picrodendron baccatum (L.) Krug & Urb. It occurs in the Caribbean.

• Podocalyx loranthoides Klotzsch: It comes from Venezuela prior to Peru and Brazil.

• Sankowskya stipularis PIForst. It occurs only in Queensland.

• Whyanbeelia terrae - reginae Airy Shaw & B.Hyland: It occurs only in Queensland.

Evidence

• D. Merino Sutter, PI Forster, PK Endress: Female flowers and systematic position of Picrodendraceae ( Euphorbiaceae sl, Malpighiales ) In: Plant Systematics and Evolution 261, 2006, pp. 187-215
• World Checklist of selected plant families (ed. R. Govaerts ). Picrodendraceae. http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/home.do; accessed on September 4, 2013.