Piracicaba

Piracicaba on the map of São Paulo

Piracicaba ( Tupi- Guarani: " waterfall ", " place where the fish stops "; pronunciation: Pira - ssikaba ) is a Brazilian city in the state of São Paulo. Piracicaba is an important agricultural and industrial center and is located in one of the most productive regions of São Paulo. Over 1.2 million inhabitants live in Piracicaba and environment.

History

The town's name refers to the waterfalls of the river of the same name near the city. Settled there in the 17th century first colonists and drove agriculture.

Foundation

1767 settlements to support expeditions and trade cruises decided the São Paulo government in the region to create. At the same time, this settlement should secure the festivals Iguatemi on the border of Paraguay future. The settlement should be applied to the mouth of the Piracicaba and Tietê, but the responsible commander Antonio Correa Barbosa opted for a better tailed and developed area 90 km before the falls. On August 1, 1767, the city was founded a year later she received community rights. The city was in 1784 moved to the other river bank, as the irregular and barren soil made ​​it difficult to agriculture. Only towards the end of the century the city experienced by the river navigation and sugarcane an upswing and significant growth spurts.

1821 Piracicaba received city rights, and is in memory of the Portuguese constitutional reform (which came into force the following year ) since renamed Vila Nova Constituição (port. new city of the Constitution). This change in status accelerates the growth, a year later meets a city council for the first time. In subsequent years, the city continues to grow. While the Brazilian coffee plantation in the 19th century to the growth engine of the state of São Paulo, the economy Piracicabas limited to the cultivation of sugar cane and is the enormous demands of the plantations to the largest consumers of slave labor and to work for freed slaves.

In 1877 the city renamed on the initiative of the then Senator and future Prudente de Morais Brazilian President in Piracicaba. In the same year the town on the railway network of the Companhia de Ituana Ferrovias ( Ituanische railway company ) is connected. 1881 in Piracicaba founded the largest sugar factory in the country. With advent of the anti -slavery movement, more and more slaves be replaced by machines and by paid workers, especially Portuguese, Italians, Syrians and Lebanese.

Upswing and decline

Piracicaba 1900 was the fourth- largest city is already one of the largest industrial centers of São Paulo and had electric light and telephone. The landowner Brigadier Luiz Vicente de Sousa Queiroz gave the city land to establish the future Escola Superior de Agronomy Luiz de Queiroz ( ESALQ, Agricultural University ). With the decline of the neighboring city of Itu after 1890 Piracicaba was definitely the most important city of the region ( Campinas, today's capital of Piracicaba comprehensive Campinas region, was much smaller and poorer than Piracicaba ).

Due to the one-sided specialization in the sugarcane economy stagnated until the mid- 50s, as throughout the state decreased the importance of coffee and sugar prices fell. Too late, the city took the necessary reforms, which led to at least one of the earliest industrialization engulfing the country, and resulted in a metal-working industry, but by focusing on goods for the sugar cane processing, the function of the sugar cane did not pick up. The decline could be stopped, but he swung not in significant growth.

More serious, however, was for Piracicaba from the 50s the growth Campinas '. Campinas is in direct competition with the city site and had been through more diverse industry, higher growth and geographical advantages ( access to the port of Santos and proximity to the capital of São Paulo). Piracicaba lost the contest and is now only regional importance and depending on Campinas.

Today

Since the 1970s, business promotion measures are taken, such as the connection to the important federal highway Rodovia Castello Branco and other infrastructure upgrades. The ESALQ is affiliated to the University of São Paulo, and new industrial zones attract new companies. The increased demand for alcohol drives the sugar cane production again. However, many projects such as clearing up of Piracicaba, linking to the Tietê - Paraná waterway, an alcohol pipeline and the connection of the city to the highway Anhangüera are not yet implemented. The city now has the hope of being able to make the image of the peripheral and " dead end" city behind. Despite the long crisis, the city has maintained its ranking as the second largest city and the third largest economy in the space of Campinas ( Campinas behind and Jundiai ) and is now one of the world's largest sugar and alcohol producers. Industry and educational institutions are known nationwide.

Since 2000, the city again recorded good growth index hour markers, invested in restorations and tries to build capacity for biotechnology and export goods.

Educational institutions

  • Escola Superior de Agronomy Luiz de Queiroz ( ESALQ / USP, agriculture)
  • Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba da Unicamp (FOP - UNICAMP, dentistry)
  • Methodist University of Piracicaba ( UNIMEP, Methodist University )
  • Fundação Municipal de Ensino ( FUMEP, engineering sciences )
  • Escola de Música de Piracicaba ( Musikhochschule )

Diocese of Piracicaba

  • Diocese of Piracicaba

Sports

  • Piracicaba has several traditional sports teams, especially the nationally known football club Esporte Clube XV de Novembro ( founded in 1913, runner-up in the 1976 Campeonato Paulista ) as well as women's and men's teams in basketball.
  • The two world champions José Altafini in 1958 and Coutinho 1962 were born in Piracicaba.

Personalities

2008 Abolitionism Santos, São Paulo Cul-de-sac Jundiaí Restaurant Roman Catholic Diocese of Piracicaba
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