PNF stretching

The proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation ( PNF) is a three-dimensional physiotherapy / occupational therapy and speech therapy method, which finds application in patients of all medical fields in which the movement behavior is disrupted by disease, injury, surgery or degeneration.

Definition

The PNF uses both exteroceptors (sensors, process the stimuli that meet outside of the body ), Tele receptors ( eyes and ears ) and especially proprioceptors in order to pave the natural, physiological motion. Proprioceptors are muscle, joint and tendon receptors, passing on information about the position and movement of the body to the central nervous system. The aim of the PNF Physiotherapy is enhanced by stimulation of the sensors to promote neuromuscular interaction, ie the interaction between nerves and muscles, and thus physiological movement patterns to facilitate ( facilitation ), which are stored in the central nervous system. In practical application, the therapist leads the patient with a three-dimensional, physiological movement patterns on a body portion which is largely healthy, matched against a resistance of. This common pattern of movement is detected by the central nervous system as a part of a complex motion pattern (total movement pattern ), such as one phase of the flow passage. Then the central nervous system sends the corresponding information for the muscle activity to all other parts of the body. This overflow of activity in other parts of the body is called irradiation. It also speaks of a targeted, gang typical irradiation, since the total movement patterns of walking are stored according to the sensorimotor development as a child in the central nervous system.

History

The PNF was in the years 1946-1951 by the neurophysiologist Herman Kabat ( 1913-1995 ) and the physiotherapist Margaret Knott ( 1913-1978 ) developed in Vallejo (California, USA). The method claimed for himself, on the Charles Sherrington Scott (1857-1952), Frances Anna Hellebrandt (1901-1992) to build and another discovered basic principles of neurophysiology, but has been developed pragmatically and goes far beyond scientifically reliable knowledge. First, only poliomyelitis patients were treated with their help. Due to good success, however, it was recognized that it acts in all patients, in which the healthy exercise behavior is disturbed. Since the optimization, economization of movement behavior is a central task for physiotherapists, PNF is now used in all medical fields. In Germany, the PNF was developed in the 80s and 90s, especially from the PNF instructor Read Lotte Ozarcuk who has acquired your knowledge or directly at Maggie Knott. Lieselotte Ozarcuk has the movement patterns and treatment techniques so differentiated that targeted irradiation output typical pattern of movement was possible.

The method

The PNF is a physiotherapy / occupational therapy analysis and treatment plan. One can analyze the behavior of a patient compared with normal movement, then put together with the patient targets for improvement of exercise behavior and then plan treatment. The PNF has the goal due pathologically altered movement back to physiological (healthy) motion sequences. It utilizes the fact that the physiological pattern of movement of the body portions and the total movement pattern ( pattern combinations walking ) are stored in the central nervous system. All movement patterns are characterized by a fixed three-dimensionality. The patterns of movement of the arms and legs in physiological patterns or extending a diffractive component of the elbow or the knee joint is always there. In practical application, one selects the one hand, as physiologically as possible moving body section and leads to well-defined tactile stimuli, a physiological motion patterns by letting move from the correct pre-stretching of the pattern against a custom three-dimensional resistance until the final position of the pattern the patient. During the implementation of touch, pressure, muscle strain, tendon tension and position sense receptors are selectively stimulated. Furthermore, attention is paid to a physiological muscle action sequence of the treated body portion. The summed motion pattern of the stimuli are passed through the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system (CNS). There is a single motion pattern is recognized as a part of a pattern of movement, whereafter the CNS sends the appropriate orders to a muscle activity in all the other parts of the body involved in the global motion pattern. It comes to the irradiation in the physiological body portions which were previously affected by the movement disorder. Physiological motion is facilitated ( initiated ). Once the healthy reactions are visible to a small extent, working directly on the affected body part with PNF movement patterns and treatment techniques. The treatment takes place in diagnosis- oriented initial positions, which occur in the sensorimotor development of the patient. This is the supine, side-lying position, prone position, 4 - Füßlerstand, sitting, stand, plantigrade, etc.

Treatment goals

  • Normalize muscle tension (eg reduce spasticity or enable weak or paralyzed muscles ) = fazilitieren
  • Conveying the motor control
  • Promoting the mobility
  • Conveying the dynamic stability, endurance, strength
  • Promoting the skill, coordination
  • Restore healthy movement behavior
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