Polish Committee of National Liberation

The Lublin Committee, actually Polish Committee of National Liberation (Polish: Polski Komitet Wyzwolenia Narodowego, short PKWN ) was one towards the end of World War II by the Soviet Union based / dependent communist provisional government of Poland.

In July 1944, in Moscow, the communist " Polish Committee of National Liberation " from the " Krajowa Rada Narodowa " ( National Council ) was established with the aim of life, in Poland formally take power as soon as the Red Army the Curzon Line would exceed. This took place in Lublin on July 22, 1944 ( hence the name Lublin Committee ). At its peak, the old Communist Bolesław Bierut was ( Secretary General of the PPR).

The Lublin Committee as the Provisional Government

  • See also the main article on the history of Poland ( Occupied Poland)

In 1944, the German occupation of the city of Lublin could be finished by Soviet troops, these Polish capital to the first of the postwar period was declared. Declared himself the Lublin Committee on 21 July 1944 the provisional government. Of the Allies alone Stalin's government recognized the Committee under disregard of the Polish government in exile in London as a new provisional government of Poland. The exile government had made himself unpopular at least by their prosecution of the massacre at Katyn in the Soviet Union.

The changes taking place on Allied pressure negotiations between " London " and " Lublin " government led to no agreement. De facto could be based on the structures of the Soviet Army, the Lublin Committee in Poland.

On January 1, 1945, the Lublin Committee proclaimed the provisional government on 18 January and involved in the ruins of Warsaw liberated his seat after the spring of 1945 the Red Army had defeated the German army in Poland were 14 major leaders of the Home Army ( Armia Krajowa, AK ) deported to Moscow and sentenced there to long prison terms and in some cases murdered. Thus, the main resistance was against the broken the " Sovietization " of Polish society.

Against these apparent objective already formed in late 1944, an armed resistance movement of parts of the Home Army, which continued to support the government in exile in London. In the forests of eastern Poland this resistance movement turned against the Provisional Government and the Soviet army initially a serious force dar. In the years after World War II included the partisans up to an estimated 100,000 members. Their actions were ultimately unsuccessful, and took from the end of the 1940s, since the Red Army, the NKVD and the forming organs of the communist Polish state vorgingen massive military and legal action against them.

Members of PKWN

  • Edward Osóbka - Morawski ( RPPS; Socialist Party ), Chairman, responsible for foreign policy and agriculture. In the subsequent Provisional Government Prime Minister, 1944-1947.
  • Wanda Wasilewska (PPR; Communist Party and the League of Polish Patriots in the USSR, ZPP), never returned, deputy to Poland.
  • Andrzej Witos (SL )
  • Stanisław Kotek - Agroszewski (SL " Wola ludu " SL- nah)
  • Stanisław Radkiewicz (PPR )
  • January Stefan Haneman ( RPPS )
  • Stefan Jędrychowski (PPR )
  • January Michał Grub Niemiecki (SL )
  • Wincenty Rzymowski (SD - Democratic Party), temporarily Foreign Minister
  • Michał Żymierski (PPR )
  • Emil Sommerstein (independent)
  • Stanisław Skrzeszewski (PPR )
  • Bolesław Drobner (PPS )
  • January Czechowski (SL " Wola ludu " )
Communism Polish government-in-exile Katyn massacre Polish Underground State Armia Ludowa Polish Scientific Publishers PWN Norman Davies Integrated Authority File
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