Polizia di Stato

The Polizia di Stato is one of two general Italian police. It is under the " Department of Public Safety " ( Dipartimento della Pubblica Sicurezza ) by the Italian Interior Ministry in Rome. The head of this department is "Director-General for public safety " and thus also the coordinator of all national police forces. He is also a " boss" of the Polizia di Stato. It consists of about 105,000 officers and is in contrast to the Carabinieri ( Emergency 112 ) mainly operate in towns. The emergency number is 113

Organization

Central Organization

Lead and manage all branches of the Polizia di Stato The twelve divisions of the Dipartimento della Pubblica Sicurezza. They also coordinate the work of the Carabinieri, the Guardia di Finanza and other police forces. The Direzione Investigativa anti- Mafia (DIA ) reports to the Dipartimento as directly as the police state protection ( Polizia di Prevenzione - DIGOS ).

Regional Organization

The following " inter-regional police directorates " had by 2007 monitoring and coordinating tasks between the national level and the general police authorities at local level. In this form they were definitely abolished in 2009. All that remains are instead logistical support centers in:

  • Turin ( Valle d'Aosta, Piedmont, Liguria )
  • Milan ( Lombardy, Emilia -Romagna),
  • Padua ( for Veneto, Trentino -Alto Adige, Friuli -Venezia Giulia ),
  • Florence ( for Tuscany, Umbria, Marche )
  • Rome ( Latium, Abruzzo, Sardinia )
  • Naples ( Campania, Molise, Basilicata, Apulia ) and
  • Catania ( Sicily, Calabria ).

In contrast, some particular organization branches of the state police have maintained their regional structure. These include, among other things, the traffic police, railroad police or riot police. They have regional directorates, but not in all 20 capital cities of the regions because smaller regions are co-managed by the Directorates in larger regions often. In Sicily there are exceptionally two directorates (Palermo and Catania), in Veneto are the police headquarters in Padua held in Venice.

Local organization

The main operational unit of the Polizia di Stato is the Bursary ( Questura, roughly comparable to a German police station ), which is chaired by a Quaestor ( commissioner ). In almost every Italian province there is a bursary ( 2009 there were 103). The prefect as chief representative of the Government in the province is responsible for public safety in the province. To this end, he has as a management and coordination body on the "provincial committee for public safety " ( Comitato Provinciale per la pubblica sicurezza ), in which the head of the provincial command of the State Police, the Carabinieri, the Guardia di Finanza and other authorities are represented. The Treasurer is in this context not only head of the units of the Polizia di Stato in each province, but by order of the prefect and police coordinator in the province.

In the Bursary there are central departments of various state police services, the criminal and the police, but police registration offices, offices for foreigners or agencies of state security. The Bursary is a mobile Criminal Investigation unit ( squadra mobile) and several police stations ( commissariato ) was assumed. The police stations in some areas also police official branches of offices of the bursaries. In the cities, the network of police stations is much small-meshed than in rural areas, where mainly the Carabinieri are active.

The traffic police and other branches also have special organization at the provincial level its own structure, its services are often housed together or close to "normal" police departments.

Police services

Basically distinguish all the Italian police, two police services, namely the Polizeivollzugsdienst ( Polizia Amministrativa - " Administrative Police ") and the police investigation and judicial service ( Polizia giudiziaria - " judicial police "). The latter includes all police officers (including the Carabinieri, etc.) that are subject to the prosecutors and investigating judges as Lords of the investigation or criminal proceedings as assistants directly. These police officers thus working in the field of justice and no longer directly in the transfer area of ​​the Ministry of Interior. In addition, the Guardia di Finanza and the tax and customs administration nor the tax investigation service know ( Polizia Tributaria - " tax police " ) and customs enforcement service or financial intelligence service ( Polizia Valutaria, ie " security police " or financial police in the strict sense).

Regardless of these police troops overarching service positions are available in the Polizia di Stato in addition to the criminal and the police following special organization branches which comprise about a quarter of the total personnel of the State Police:

  • Polizia Stradale (short polstrada, traffic police, 19 regional directorates, 14 highway police operations centers)
  • Polizia Ferroviaria (short Polfer, railway police, 15 regional directorates )
  • Polizia Postale e delle Comunicazioni ( " Posts and Telecommunications police," particularly against cybercrime, 20 regional directorates )
  • Polizia dell'Immigrazione ( Border Police, 9 regional directorates )
  • Polizia Marittima ( harbor police, around 170 boats)
  • Polizia in Montagna ( "Mountain Police " and mountain rescue, training center in Moena )
  • Servizio Aereo ( flying squadrons, since 1971, headquarters in Practica di Mare, 11 squadrons, 60 helicopters, 20 propeller aircraft)
  • Polizia Scientifica ( Forensic Science, part of the Criminal Investigation Department Rome, 14 regional centers and offices in police stations )
  • Reparti Mobili ( riot police, 14 departments )
  • Special services (eg explosives expert, divers, Music Corps, etc.)

Like the Carabinieri with the Gruppo d' Intervento Speciale (GIS ) has also the Polizia di Stato "with the Nucleo Operativo Centrale di Sicurezza ( NOCS ) via a special task force.

History

The Italian State Police was founded on July 18, 1852 as the Corpo delle Guardie di Pubblica Sicurezza in the then Kingdom of Sardinia - Piedmont. During Fascism to this militarized police organization and gave her all " national security tasks." A law of 1981 they gave the organization back to their civilian status back and changed the name in Polizia di Stato ( ultimately a transformation of the abbreviation " PS" of Pubblica Sicurezza in Polizia di Stato ).

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