Porsche 993
911 Targa
The Porsche 993 is an automobile series of Porsche AG and the successor of the Porsche 964 As the last model of the Porsche Classic 911 he has a boxer engine with air cooling.
The engine range of the introduced 1993 993 ranges from 200 kW ( 272 hp ) or 210 kW (286 hp) at the Carrera and Targa models up to the turbo - top model with 300 kW ( 408 hp). In addition, performance-enhanced vehicles for motorsports were produced, the engine performance of 221 kW ( 300 hp) range up to 316 kW ( 430 hp).
The Porsche 993 was available in the versions Carrera, Targa and Turbo. When Carrera there was an alternative to the rear-wheel drive four-wheel drive models in the Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S. The Turbo (from 1995) it was standard with all-wheel drive.
- 3.1 911 Carrera 4S and 911 Carrera S
- 3.2 911 Turbo
- 4.1 911 3.8 Cup 4.1.1 Specifications
- 4.2.1 Specifications
Development
In addition to a revised suspension with 20 mm wider rear tires, an enhanced braking system with perforated discs and the improved ABS 5 the drive has been developed. In particular, with hydraulic tappets now maintenance-free valve timing of the engine ensured that the maintenance costs were significantly lower. In addition to the central locking was also standard with an immobilizer with alarm system on board.
The maintenance costs for the 993 are smaller than for its predecessor, which earned him a reputation as a highly reliable 911. The sale name Porsche 911 remained as the 964. Also in the general motor principle Porsche retained the tried and tested technology and sat still on the air cooling. For those customers who describe themselves as so-called " cast iron ", he thus represents the last is "real" 911, as with the successor model Porsche also a completely new design water-cooled engine was introduced in 996.
Technically and visually the 993 is often regarded as a mature and best 911 with an air-cooled boxer engine. Since he is the last Porsche 911 with an air-cooled engine, it has a special position in fan circles. Fancy prices are paid on the used car market for 993er now. Prices for 993er almost always lie with comparable mileage over those of his successor model 996
Vehicle characteristics
Body
The design of the Porsche 964 is not met since its introduction in all Porsche friends on reciprocal love. Many felt the bumpers as too bulky, although the basic features of the classic Porsche 911, despite the innovations were never touched. The more integrated into the body shape of the 993 bumpers should let the silhouette appear more elegant. Chief Designer Harm Lagaay, who was instrumental in his team responsible for making oriented strongly to the original model, visually formed a unity in the body and bumpers.
A total of 993 seemed very harmonious, because in addition to the new bumpers and the headlights were more involved in the body, so that they no longer stood out as the so-called " torpedo tubes " of the previous models of the car front. The continuous lighting strip in the tail was further tapered and formed together with the strongly emphasized rear fenders a successful conclusion. The problem is that the rear wheels are heated so much by the two immediately behind it exhaust mufflers that an increased tire wear can occur. In some cases, the rear tires need to be replaced already at mileages of less than 10,000 km.
Despite the profound changes in design the distinctive basic shape of Porsche 911 remained according to the specification.
The 993 was initially built as a rear wheel drive Carrera and Carrera 4 as a four-wheel drive. The following Targa later gave it as standard with all-wheel drive with rear wheel drive and the turbo. With the 993, Porsche revived the tradition, particularly feature-rich versions of the Carrera with an additional "S " or " 4S " to be marked. After the Turbo -911 "S " models were priced in second place.
In addition to the large series vehicles, including vehicles such as the Carrera RS and GT2 were manufactured in small series. While the Carrera models and the turbo were quite bought and used for everyday driving, the Carrera RS and especially the GT models were designed more sporty and found themselves as many times on the race track again.
Motor
The production cars, the Carrera series have an air-cooled six-cylinder boxer engine with a displacement of 3.6 liters. The performance of this engine is 200 kW ( 272 hp ) at 6100 rpm and was built in model year 1996 - including through an intake duct with variable cross-section ( Vario - Ram ) - 210 kW ( 286 hp ) raised. It was also possible to order from the factory uprated vehicles, then what ( 286 hp ) or 221 kW ( 300 hp) failed for the Carrera models with 210 kW to book.
The Turbo - traditionally the strongest model of a series - gets its power output of 300 kW ( 408 hp) from a 3.6 - liter six -cylinder boxer engine, which is equipped with two turbochargers and intercoolers.
When Turbo, there were also factory called WLS 1 and WLS 2, ie, the plant capacity increase 1 or 2, which consists of the original 300 kW ( 408 hp ) of the 911 Turbo then 316 kW ( 430 hp ) over another motor control and an amended oil cooler or 331 kW (450 hp) mobilized with additional other turbochargers and intercoolers. These powerful engines were also the basis for the GT2, which is the racing version of the turbos.
With this generation of air-cooled engines Porsche had reached the limit of economically and ecologically meaningful levels of development. As the ever more stringent environmental regulations in the cleaning process and the noise level any further development could be too costly, the principle of the engine cooling was not pursued further by air by Porsche. With the successor Porsche 996, the 911 was therefore given a water-cooled six-cylinder boxer engine.
Interior
Inside, the 993 had over its predecessor not changed much. As five round instruments with transmitted light technique previously were built in the classic arrangement. The seats and the center console of the same 964 Also, the four-speed automatic Tiptronic transmission was still offered. From model year 1995, the Tiptronic 'S' is used, which is operated by means of two rocker switches on the steering wheel.
The most striking differences 964-993 are the newly designed steering wheel, despite the airbags as standard contained elegant acts as the 964 The door handles were also revised and the " flowing " body design of the 993ers adjusted.
Overall, the car was designed comfortable. Despite many comfort and safety extras that were already present in the 964, the curb weight of 993 coupes over its predecessor such as driver and passenger airbags, power steering, power brakes with anti -lock brakes and power windows only increased by 20 kg.
Many customers, however, wanted to go with the temperament of the old models a modern 911, to such special vehicles wanted. This suggestion was taken up and placed against the corresponding price sportier small series of the 911 Carrera and 911 Turbo Porsche. For models 911 Carrera RS and 911 GT2 the weight -enhancing comfort extras were not included. It so happens that, for example, the 911 Carrera RS - although with less features, but with a more powerful engine - much more expensive than the more comfortable equipped 911 Carrera models.
Series versions
911 Carrera 4S and 911 Carrera S
The (until 1998) built from 1995 Carrera 4S is a kind of " intersection " between the Race and the turbo.
Visually, the Carrera 4S and Turbo are very similar. The most important distinguishing feature is the large rear spoiler fixed the turbo. Besides this obvious distinguishing feature, the type designation " Turbo" or " Carrera 4S " at the rear of the vehicle to the different types. Apart from the large rear spoiler but the two types are the same in many respects. The Carrera 4S has the front apron of the turbo. Carrera 4S as the turbo on the rear axle 6 cm wider than the Carrera and thus has wider rear fender. Also, the Carrera 4S has standard 18 -inch wheels and red brake calipers of the turbo. Like the Turbo (and the all-wheel drive Carrera 4 ) the turn signal lenses are red at the rear and front white. Moreover, also the Carrera 4S bulky side skirts.
The technique of the Carrera 4S is basically the same as that of the Carrera. Also in the Carrera 4S 210 kW ( 286 hp ) works payable naturally aspirated engine. But in technical terms was the Carrera 4S by the designers a part of the system from the turbo donated: The Carrera 4S received from the turbo its stronger braking system ( including the associated red calipers ). In addition, some equipment items are in the Carrera 4S standard, which are available in the Carrera only extra charge: air conditioning, trip computer, full leather interior, full electric seat adjustment, rear wiper, roof panel with integrated third brake light and sound package with cassette radio. Finally, the Carrera 4S sports seats are optionally available at no extra charge.
The Carrera 4S is built compared to the Porsche 993 Carrera in relatively small numbers. This is one reason why today tend to be much more needs to be paid for the Carrera 4S as a Carrera or Carrera 4 A total of 6948 units were manufactured by Carrera 4S.
In model year 1997, the 993 model range with the Carrera S has been added. It was built in model year 1997 and 1998. The Carrera S corresponds in terms of body and features the Carrera 4S. The only technical differences: The Carrera S has no all-wheel drive, no turbo chassis and no turbo braking system. Externally, the Porsche 993 Carrera S is to distinguish " Carrera S" from Carrera 4S based on the mounted on the boot lid in steel gray lettering. Even more striking, however, is that the Carrera S (unlike the Carrera 4S) divided and color-keyed grille spoiler. Because of a central ridge in the mesh spoiler gives the impression of a double grating. In addition, the turn signal lights front and rear are yellow and not white and red. The calipers are black and not red. By default, the Carrera S came with 17-inch wheels.
From the Carrera S only 3714 units were produced during his two -year construction period:
911 Turbo
The 993 Turbo as a top model in the 993 model series was launched in 1995 ( the vehicles produced in 1995, however, were the model 1996 assigned ) and is visually recognizable by the large fixed rear wing.
This has to fulfill two tasks: First, by the lift on the rear axle is reduced, resulting in an increased stability at high speeds result. Second, the rear wing covers the immediately underlying two charge air coolers. As the boxer engine with the two turbochargers ( Biturbo ) already claimed the whole place in the rear of the car, the intercooler were placed over the motor.
Unlike its predecessor, the 964 series the 993 turbo with two turbochargers is fitted with intercoolers. This allowed a faster response and a smoother power curve can be achieved. The case of turbo engines usual " turbo lag " has been largely eliminated. The performance unfolds smoothly without the surprising boost in the response of the turbocharger. Unlike its predecessor, the 993 Turbo has a permanent all-wheel drive. At 993 Turbo 964 Turbo was dispensed with dual ignition otherwise used as was the case.
Because of the longer intake path on the two turbochargers and intercoolers, the sound of the turbocharged engine from that of the naturally aspirated Carrera is different: The 993 Turbo is quieter than the other models.
The Porsche 993 Turbo was produced in the following quantities: 2,484 pieces per model year 1996, 1,775 vehicles (plus 182 vehicles of the type Turbo S ) in model year 1997, 556 vehicles (plus 160 vehicles of the type Turbo S ) in model year 1998.
From the Turbo model 1995 14 copies were produced by the Porsche Exclusive department as a convertible and distributed to selected customers. The convertible version was built with the turbo engine of the predecessor 964 and rear-wheel drive; it was visually discreet held so that they can be seen only on the rear spoiler of the turbo, the rest of the body is that of the Carrera 2 equal.
Racing versions
911 3.8 Cup
The 993 3.8 Cup based on the Porsche 993 debuted in 1994 in the Porsche Supercup. A year later he was also used in the Carrera Cup.
The vehicle has been significantly improved and was equally faster as more controllable than its predecessor 964 Carrera 2, mainly driven by the new multi-link rear axle. The force was then transmitted via a six-speed transmission. The performance of the now 3.8 -liter boxer engine of 310 hp allowed a top speed of about 280 km / h
Already in 1995, followed by the first revision. The vehicle received a larger and fixed rear wing and side skirts and front spoiler of the Carrera RS. 1996 resulted in a modified valve control, a power increase of five horsepower.
Specifications
911 Cup 3.8 RSR
As a successor to the 964 Carrera RSR 3.8 1997 993 3.8 RSR Cup appeared. He was for racing in the former GT3 classes ( corresponding to today GT2) and national racing series determined.
The vehicle now based on the Porsche 993 Cup and got the fender flares and the racing chassis from the 993 GT2. The engine was taken from the predecessor and only slightly revised. Instead of five, the transmission now had six gears. The vehicle could be delivered at a price of 238,500 D- Mark are appointed and designed for endurance racing with a different brake system with brake discs measuring 380 millimeters in diameter and a 100 -liter safety fuel tank. In addition, there was also a motor variant with catalytic converter and muffler, which allowed participation in the Veedol Endurance Cup.
Specifications
Technical data for the series versions
The model range of the 993 was quite extensive:
1Werkleistungssteigerung, 2Tiptronic
Technical data of the Sport-/Straßenversionen
For customers where the series versions were too subtle, Porsche offered sportier approved for use on public roads, vehicles. These models are " more engine power at low vehicle weight " constructed according to the motto.