Poultice
The medicated patch (also: Medical plasters, lat emplastrum ) is a flexible, adhesive composition for application to the skin, the one or more drug substances.
Medicated patch are distinguished from the drug -free adhesive bandages, wound dressings and quick dressing sprays.
Classification
Depending on whether the medicated patch is to be used for systemic or local treatment differentiates transdermal patches and topical ( local) effective pavement.
Transdermal patches
The transdermal patch to the skin and releases the drug from a depot contained in the patch -free controls. The active ingredient is then absorbed through the skin and passes through the bloodstream to the target site. The result is a continuous drug delivery to several days.
Local effective pavement
Depending on the nature of the active substances develop locally effective paving their effect either on the surface of the skin ( " cutaneous patches") or in deeper layers of the skin and underlying tissue.
History
The first patches were already applied 2000-1200 BC. It is one of the oldest Arzneidarreichnungsformen at all. In the 19th century they gained their biggest importance to us. The production was the pharmacists reserved. The patch cooking was considered the art of their craft par excellence.
Originally it was in the paving composition to lead salts of fatty acids, which established the pharmacist by saponification of fats ( triglycerides ) in the presence of lead ( II ) oxide ( " litharge " ), and the different needed drugs, if necessary, fats, oils, wax, or resins, were added. In addition to the simple emplastrum adhaesivum ( sticking plaster ) are further examples of historic paving preparations as:
- E. cantharidum = Kantharidenpflaster
- E. cantharidum perpetuum = poultice
- E. capsici = Capsicum ( chilli ) Paving ( heating pads )
- E. cerussae = white lead Paving
- E. fuscum camphoratum, E. minii Adustum, E. = universal mother paving, paving Universal Defensive
- E. hydrargyri = mercurial plaster
- E. lithargyri = lead Paving
- E. saponatum extensum = soap plaster
- E. saponatum salicylatum extensum = Salizylseifenpflaster
The actual Medicinal plasters are now entered largely into the background. Remnants are eg pain or warts plaster, but the simple Wundschnellverband has survived time and is indispensable also from today's modern medicine.
Components of modern paving
Modern paving paving composition containing as rubber or acrylic acid ester copolymers, which is applied to a carrier made of fabric or film.