Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery

The Preobraschenskoje Cemetery (Russian Преображенское кладбище, German Christ Transfiguration Cemetery ) is a cemetery in the northern part of Moscow, which is closely connected with the history and present of the Old Believers in Russia. It was founded in 1777 by a merchant of the faith of Fedosejewzy, a spin-off of without priests Old Believers ( Bespopowzy ) in conjunction with a quarantine facility in order to conceal the existence of a monastery of Bespopowzy pursued. At this time, the area of the cemetery was located close to the city limits, but outside of Moscow. The cemetery soon became the spiritual and administrative center of Fedosejewzy in Russia (as the Rogoschskoje Cemetery an administrative and cultural center for the most priestly Old Believers ( Popowzy ) was ).

The Preobrazhensky grounds consisted of two equal plots, for a men's and a women's monastery, separated by a road to the cemetery. The construction work was carried out in the 1790s and the 1800s. At that time, the monastery was a refuge for persecuted Old Believers up to 1,500, while the chapels were attended by over 10,000 Old Believers. Each church within the monastery was built in the style of a chapel. Just as the other priests lots which Fedosejewzy rejected the priesthood, so also their biggest churches are more chapels ( Molenna ) as churches, as they have no altar. The area was surrounded by brick walls with decorative pseudo- Gothic towers.

In the mid-19th century, the "male" part of the monastery was confiscated by the management of the tsar to be in a convent of " Eingläubigen " ( Jedinowerzy ), the only legal direction of the Old Believers in the Tsarist Empire converted. The so-called " St. Nicholas Monastery of Jedinowerzy " possessed the largest collection of the Catholics literature ( Chludow Legacy ) and more than 1,300 ancient icons.

After the October Revolution, Nikolai monastery was used by the pro- Bolshevik "Living Church ", while the icons and the books are placed in the State Historical Museum and the Tretyakov Gallery. Later the monastery between the Pomorjanischen Old Believers ( Pomorzy ) and the nearby community of the official Russian Orthodox Church was divided. The Orthodox church uses a church at the gates and the surrounding district, a bell tower and the western part of the church. The eastern part of Molenna and various facilities in the western part of the site include the Pomorzy. The two parts of Molenna are separated by a thick wall. In the women's field of Preobraschenka such a separation was avoided, he is still in possession of the Fedosejewzy.

On the Preobraschenskoje Cemetery, the first Eternal Flame was lit in Moscow to commemorate the dead of World War II. In addition, the athlete and Olympic champion Volodymyr Kuz is buried in the cemetery.