Prince Clemens Wenceslaus of Saxony

Clemens Wenceslaus August Hubertus Franz Xaver of Saxony ( * September 28, 1739 at Schloss Hubertus castle in Wermsdorf, † July 27, 1812 in Markt Oberdorf im Allgäu) was Prince of Poland and Duke of Saxony from the House of Albertine Wettin and the last Archbishop and Elector von Trier, the last Prince-Bishop of Augsburg and Prince Provost of Ellwangen.

Life

He was the fourteenth child and seventh son of Friedrich August II, Elector of Saxony and King of Poland (as of August III. ), And the Austrian Archduchess Maria Josefa ( daughter of Emperor Joseph I), and thus grandson of Augustus the Strong. From the marriage of his sister Maria Josefa with the French Dauphin Louis came from the three French kings Louis XVI. , Louis XVIII. and Charles X., whose uncle he was thus. Clemens Wenceslaus occurred in 1760 in Vienna in the Austrian military service, took over as Field Marshal Lieutenant at the Battle of Torgau (3 November 1760), but decided physical infirmity due for holy orders and became in 1763 Bishop of Freising and Regensburg, was, however, in 1768 this from dioceses to become Archbishop and Elector of Trier and Bishop of Augsburg; later, he also received the Prince Provost Ellwangen.

Not averse to the ideas of the Enlightenment, he promoted in the Electorate of Trier particularly the school system and sought by an Edict of Toleration (1783 ) and by the creation of various non-profit organizations, education and wealth to lift. His attitude in ecclesiastical matters was staggering: He kept the Jesuits after the dissolution of the Order in the country and protested against radical reforms of his cousin Joseph II in matters of religion, but also protected Hont home and put 1786 Emser Punktation with out having a greater independence of the Church the Holy Roman Empire of Rome had the goal; He also limited the number of processions and raised on many holidays.

On October 30, 1787 he issued a sovereign regulation to improve the quality of the local viticulture. Then should delivered the " Rhenish " known as the genus of vines, the grapes with a bad and too much acid within seven years, be cut off, meant by "good" vines so that was mainly Riesling, be replaced.

This arrangement was implemented rigorously throughout the dominions of the Electors of Trier. Only in the peripheral areas of the territory of Trier, such as on the upper Moselle at the places Nittel, Wincheringen, Nennig, Besch and Perl, where many were a condominium with France and the Duchy of Luxembourg, this arrangement could not be enforced directly by the Electorate of Trier authorities be.

Although he lived simply and undemanding on his person, but he kept a magnificent court and built in Koblenz, where he moved his residence in 1786 by the dilapidated castle Phillipsburg under Ehrenbreitstein an expensive lock. Especially the music was maintained at his court, and he was also a public theater building (today's theater Koblenz ).

Frequently Clemens Wenceslaus was staying in the palace, to Kärlich ( near Koblenz ), a hunting palace of the Electors of Trier, although he should not have been a friend of the then very cruel hunting itself. In the chapel of this castle he consecrated on August 10, 1784 French theology student Franz Josef Pey priest, who died a martyr on September 3, 1792 along with 190 other priests in Paris. Last Clemens Wenceslaus was September-October 1792 in Kärlich, two years before the French Revolution army destroyed the castle.

Alarmed by the outbreak of the French Revolution he set all the reforms and introduced a stricter rule. The emigrants and the volatile members of the kindred French court, he offered a refuge, and Koblenz was the center of the French royalists. He was badly affected by the victory of the revolution: the Peace of Luneville (1801 ) he lost the left bank, most of the Kurstaats, 1803 due to the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss circuit also its rest as well as the Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg and the prince provost Ellwangen. With a pension of 100,000 guilders, he retired to Augsburg, and died on July 27, 1812 at his summer residence in Marktoberdorf in the Allgäu.

Others

According to legend, Clemens Wenceslaus of Saxony, the inventor of the drink Cold Duck, an alcoholic punch, which basically consists of wine and sparkling wine and flavored with a lemon or lemon balm.

Drive up

Elector Johann Georg II (1613-1680) ∞ 1638 Magdalena Sibylle of Brandenburg- Bayreuth (1612-1687)

King Friedrich III. (1609-1670) ∞ 1643 Sophie Amalie of Brunswick- Calenberg (1628-1685)

Erdmann August von Brandenburg -Bayreuth (1615-1651) ∞ 1641 Sophie of Brandenburg- Ansbach (1614-1646)

Duke Eberhard III. (1614-1674) ∞ 1637 Anna Katharina Dorothea von Salm- Kyrburg (1614-1655)

Kaiser Ferdinand III. (1608-1657) ∞ 1631 Maria Anna of Spain (1606-1646)

Elector Philipp Wilhelm of the Palatinate (1615-1690) ∞ 1653 Elisabeth Amalia of Hesse- Darmstadt (1635-1709)

Duke Georg (1582-1641) ∞ 1617 Anna Eleonore of Hesse- Darmstadt (1601-1659)

Edward of the Palatinate (1625-1663) ∞ 1645 Anna Gonzaga (1616-1684)

Elector Johann Georg III. (1647-1691) ∞ 1666 Anna Sophie of Denmark and Norway (1647-1717)

Margrave Christian Ernst of Brandenburg- Bayreuth (1644-1712) ∞ 1671 Sophie Luise of Württemberg (1642-1702)

Emperor Leopold I (1640-1705) ∞ 1676 Eleonore Magdalene of the Palatinate (1655-1720)

Duke Johann Friedrich of Brunswick- Calenberg (1625-1679) ∞ 1668 Benedicta Henrietta of the Palatinate (1652-1730)

King August II (1670-1733) ∞ 1693 Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg -Bayreuth (1671-1727)

Emperor Joseph I (1678-1711) ∞ 1699 Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick- Calenberg (1673-1742)

King August III. (1696-1763) ∞ 1719 Maria Josepha of Austria (1699-1757)

Clemens Wenceslaus of Saxony

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